This CPT modifier represents a separately identifiable E&M service related to the decision to perform surgery

This CPT modifier represents increased procedural services due to complexity, length, risk and difficulty

This CPT modifier represents preoperative management only

This CPT modifier represents mandated services such as a mandated consultation

This CPT modifier represents a surgical team of more than two surgeons

This CPT modifier represents an outside reference laboratory

This CPT modifier represents two surgeons working together as primary surgeons performing distinct parts of a procedure.

This CPT modifier represents multiple modifiers