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- 1. Multiple Choice
Name the structure through which gases enter and leave the body of an insect.
tracheoles
alveoli
spiracle
lungs
- 2. Multiple Choice
Name the small tubes that carry gases directly to and from the cells of an insect
tracheoles
system
spiracle
alveoli
- 3. Multiple Choice
Tubifex worms are small, thin animals that live in water. They have no specialised gas exchange or circulatory system. Name the process by which oxygen reaches the cells inside the body of a tubifex worm.
active transport
respiration
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
- 4. Multiple Choice
In this word equation for respiration, what is y representing?
Glucose + x --> y + water + energy
carbon dioxide
methane
oxygen
ATP
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which adaptations help reduce water loss in insects? (tick all that apply)
guard cells that open and close the spiracles
valves that open and close the spiracles
hairs around the spiracles
- 6. Multiple Choice
What is meant by a counter-current system?
A short distance for gases to diffuse
When water flows in an opposite direction to blood flow
having a higher concentration inside the lungs than outside
- 7. Multiple Choice
As the size of an organism increases its surface area to volume ratio increases
True
False
- 8. Fill in the Blank
What are the smaller tubes (plural) that branch from the tracheae in insects called?
- 9. Fill in the Blank
By which process in oxygen transported into cells?
- 10. Multiple Choice
When would there be more fluid at the end of tracheoles?
When the muscle is active
When the muscle is resting
- 11. Multiple Choice
Why is oxygen transported into insect muscle cells faster when they are active?
There is less fluid in the tracheoles and diffusion is faster in air
Lactic acid is secreted into tracheoles
There is more fluid in the tracheoles and diffusion is faster in water
Oxygen can be transported into cells by osmosis
- 12. Multiple Choice
What helps to draw air into insect tracheae?
breathing
abdominal pumping (due to muscle contraction)
respiration
gas exchange
- 13. Multiple Choice
What is the exoskeleton of an insect made from?
cellulose
peptidoglycan
chitin
calcium
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhat does this graph show?Parallel flow in cartilaginous fishCounter current flow in bony fish
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhat does this graph show?Parallel flow in cartilaginous fishCounter current flow in bony fish
- 16. Multiple Choicethe three parts of a gillfilament, lamellae, gill archfilament, lamellae, operculumsurface area, filaments, gill
- 17. Multiple Choicelower S:A ratio...decreases the rate of gas exchangeincreases the rate of gas exchangenone of the above
- 18. Multiple Choicethe evolution of lamellae helpedincrease surface areadecrease surface area
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of gills in fish?absorbing carbon dioxideassisting in food digestionprotecting a fish's lungstaking in dissolved oxygen
- 20. Multiple Choice
To prevent moisture loss Insects have a?
permeable exoskeleton
impermeable exoskeleton
- 21. Multiple Choice
The flow of oxygen (in order) into the cells of an insect is
spiracles - trachea - tracheole fluid - cells - tracheole
spiracles - cells - trachea - tracheole - tracheole fluid
cells - tracheole fluid - tracheole - trachea - spiracles
spiracles - trachea - tracheole - tracheole fluid - cells
- 22. Multiple Choice
Which gas exchange method is most efficient?
Parallel flow
Counter-current flow
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which structures increase the surface areas of the gills in fish? (select two)
Gill filaments
Lamellae
Gill arch
Operculum
- 24. Multiple Choice
What is the advantage of countercurrent flow?
maintains a steep concentration gradient along the length of the diffusion pathway
reduces the concentration gradient along the length of the diffusion pathway
slows down the rate of diffusion
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