It is the use of figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in order to appeal to our physical senses.

In Great Expectations, (Charles Dickens) Pip uses many images to describe a damp morning in a marsh. The repeated use of the words “damp” and “wet” makes us feel how miserable it was for him that damp and cold morning.

It is a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words.

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Coleridge wrote: Water, water, everywhere, And all the boards did shrink; Water, water, everywhere, Not any drop to drink.

It is a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem, for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.

Charles Dickens uses the technique of _____ in the opening line of his novel A Tale of Two Cities:It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way …

is the use of double negatives or, in other words, a positive statement expressed by negating its opposite.

It is the use of an incorrect word in place of a similar-sounding word, which results in a nonsensical and humorous expression.

In his novel, The Rivals, Richard Sheridan introduces a character, Mrs. Malaprop, who habitually uses words that mean quite the opposite to the words she intends to use, but which have similar sounds to the words she replaces. In the following passage, she comically replaces apprehend with reprehend, vernacular with oracular, arrangement with derangement, and epithets with epitaph.