Sea ice reflects 85% of the sun's radiation, whereas water reflects on 7%, meaning more heat is being absorbed by earth

Partially frozen ground, also called permafrost, melts and as this happens it releases methane and carbon dioxide

Sea levels rise

Ocean currents can change direction

Deforestation reduces the number of forests, which act as carbon sinks

Deforestation, the act of cutting down or burning trees, releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which was previously stored in the trees.

When forests are changed to pasture, there is an increase in intensive agriculture which relies on animals being fed grains. These animals release higher levels of methane.

The combustion of fossil fuels releases additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere contributing to the enhanced greenhouse effect

Urbanisation and industrialisation usually result in increased greenhouse gas emissions

Combustion of fossil fuels and changing patterns of land use have altered the greenhouse effect, a natural process that retains the sun's heat.

Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, act like a blanket trapping solar radiation and heat near the Earth's surface.

However, the combustion of fossil fuels and intensive agriculture has increased the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, causing the enhanced greenhouse effect.

As the layer of greenhouse gasses thickens more of the sun’s radiation is trapped which leads to a rise in global temperatures. Humans enhance the greenhouse effect through the intensive agricultural practices that see animals being fed grains which increases the production methane, a gas which is 40 times more effective at trapping the sun’s radiation than carbon dioxide. In addition, land clearing practices, such as deforestation and slash and burn farming, release of further carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, as well as reduce the ability of forests to act as carbon sinks.

Further, increased urbanization and industrialisation has led to an increase in energy consumption which requires the burning of fossil fuels that release further carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. ​

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Combustion of fossil fuels and changing patterns of land use have altered the greenhouse effect, a natural process that retains the sun's heat.

Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, act like a blanket trapping solar radiation and heat near the Earth's surface.

However, the combustion of fossil fuels and intensive agriculture has increased the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, causing the enhanced greenhouse effect.

As the layer of greenhouse gasses thickens more of the sun’s radiation is trapped which leads to a rise in global temperatures. Humans enhance the greenhouse effect through the intensive agricultural practices that see animals being fed grains which increases the production methane, a gas which is 40 times more effective at trapping the sun’s radiation than carbon dioxide. In addition, land clearing practices, such as deforestation and slash and burn farming, release of further carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, as well as reduce the ability of forests to act as carbon sinks. Further, increased urbanization and industrialisation has led to an increase in energy consumption which requires the burning of fossil fuels that release further carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. ​

Burning fossil fuels and changing land uses have increased greenhouse gas emissions and caused global warming.

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Combustion of fossil fuels and changing patterns of land use have altered the greenhouse effect, a natural process that retains the sun's heat.

Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, act like a blanket trapping solar radiation and heat near the Earth's surface.

However, the combustion of fossil fuels and intensive agriculture has increased the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, causing the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Although variation in the Earth's climate is natural, since the 1950s there has been an unprecedented increase in global temperatures and this global warming, or anthropogenic climate change, is caused by humans.

Burning fossil fuels and changing land uses have increased greenhouse gas emissions and caused global warming.

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Combustion of fossil fuels and changing patterns of land use have altered the greenhouse effect, a natural process that retains the sun's heat.

Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, act like a blanket trapping solar radiation and heat near the Earth's surface.

Thus, global warming is clearly a human induced change that is caused people’s manipulation of the carbon cycle and the increasing greenhouse gas emissions. ​

Although variation in the Earth's climate is natural, since the 1950s there has been an unprecedented increase in global temperatures and this global warming, or anthropogenic climate change, is caused by humans.

Burning fossil fuels and changing land uses have increased greenhouse gas emissions and caused global warming.

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All locations are warmer than they were 100 years ago

All locations are cooler than they were 100 yeas ago

Although most places have recorded increased temperatures over the last 100 years, a few local regions have experienced a decrease in temperatures.

nitrogen

water vapor

carbon dioxide

methane

Average precipitation increases as higher temperatures give rise to a more active water cycle, which means faster and greater evaporation and precipitation and more extreme weather events.

Average precipitation decreases as the water cycle decreases, leading most areas to experience extreme drought

Average precipitation is unchanged as the water cycle still circulates the same amount of water, only more quickly.

In the tropics

In northern latitudes

Impacts of global warming are distributed equally all over the planet.

Alaska, Greenland and Siberia. These Arctic environments are highly sensitive to even small temperature increases, which can melt sea ice, ice sheets and permafrost, and lead to changes in Earth's reflectance ("albedo").

whitening of coral that results from the loss of a coral’s symbiotic algae or the degradation of the algae’s photosynthetic pigment

Something that is porous has many small halls so liquid or air can pass through, especially slowly

the process by which something is made worse, esp. the quality of land

a ring-shaped coral reef, island, or series of islets

of soil or land) producing or capable of producing abundant vegetation or crops

whitening of coral that results from the loss of a coral’s symbiotic algae or the degradation of the algae’s photosynthetic pigment

Something that is porous has many small halls so liquid or air can pass through, especially slowly

In Tuvalu, the islands are made of porous coral which allows water to move through up through the centre of the islands as the tide rises, causing flooding.

a ring-shaped coral reef, island, or series of islets

The land is porous in Tuvalu, meaning that it is capable of producing abundant crops