In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rain forest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.”

The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to--

Head lice can happen to anyone. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. Head lice are tiny insects that live in human hair. They hatch from small eggs, called nits, which are attached to the base of a person’s hair. The nit is small and white and attaches about ¼ inch from the scalp on the hair. The eggs hatch in seven to ten days, with new louse reaching adulthood in about two weeks. The female louse can live 20 to 30 days and lay 6 to 10 eggs per day.

Prevention is the key word in the control of head lice in school, and the schools need parents’ help. They ask that parents check their child’s head over the ears and at the base of the neck each week. Parents and children should watch for nonstop itching, because it is a good sign that something is wrong. Head lice are transmitted in a number of ways, not only by physical contact. Parents should teach their children not to borrow combs, brushes, ribbons or head covers. If spending the night away from home, kids should take their own sleeping bag and pillow.

The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph in the selection above is to--

In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.”

In the paragraph above, the word transparent means --

Mario had been feeding him all the things he liked himself, but now it occurred to him that what was good for a boy might not be right for a cricket. So he made up his mind to take the matter to an expert. Late one afternoon, Mario cleaned up the cricket cage and took Chester the cricket to Mr. Fong's pet shop.

Read the dictionary definition for the word matter.

Which definition best fits the way the word matter is used in paragraph 1?