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- 1. Multiple Choice
DNA controls the cell by instructing it when and how to make different
nucleotides
proteins
fatty acids
carbohydrates
- 2. Multiple Choice
Unlike DNA, RNA...
is double-stranded.
contains the base Thymine.
contains the base Uracil.
is longer than DNA.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which is the organelle that makes proteins?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
- 4. Multiple Choice
Where does transcription take place?
nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosome
Grandma's kitchen
- 5. Multiple Choice_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.mRNA / a proteina protein / mRNARibosome / NucleusmRNA / tRNA
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the corresponding codon for AGT?UCATCAUGAACU
- 7. Multiple ChoiceTranscription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?the protein product of the promotorstart and stop codonsribosomes and tRNAseveral transcription factors
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the follwoing best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?it is the recognition site for a specific transcription factorit sets the reading frame of the mRNAit is the recognition site for ribosomal bindingit signals the end of the nucleotide sequence of the gene
- 9. Multiple ChoiceAccuracy in the translation of mRNA into the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide depends on specificity in which of the following?binding of ribosomes to mRNAshape of the A and P sites of ribosomesattachment of amino acids to tRNAsbonding of the anticodon the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNAs
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich is the best description of a gene?a DNA sequence that is expressed to form a functional product; either RNA or polypeptidea DNA subunit that codes for a single complete proteina DNA-RNA sequence combination that results in an enzymatic producta descrete unit of hereditary information that consists of a sequence of amino acids
- 11. Multiple Choice
What is the name of the stretch of DNA where RNA polymerase binds?
operator
promoter
enhancer
regulatory gene
- 12. Multiple Choice
What is a gene?
A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
The portion of the chromosome that does not get transcribed
A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
The collection of your chromosomes
- 13. Multiple Choice
In the lac operon model, the genes within the operon will be expressed if
lactose is absent in the cell
glucose is present in the cell
lactose is present in the cell
tryptophan is present
- 14. Multiple Choice
All the genes in both a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are expressed at the same time.
True
False
- 15. Multiple Choice
An operon is
a genetic on/off switch in prokaryotes
a genetic on/off switch in eukaryotes
a group of related genes and the associated gene switches in prokaryotes
a group of related genes and the associated gene switches in eukaryotes
- 16. Multiple Choice
Negative control of gene expression is mediated by __ and results in a(n) __ in the frequency of transcription.
activators, increase
activators, decrease
repressors, increase
repressors, decrease
- 17. Multiple Choice
The purpose of gene expression is...
To control transcription and translation of DNA
To produce proteins from gene sequences
To help people called Gene express themselves
To determine the function of a cell
- 18. Multiple Choice
Gene regulation is...
the processes within the cells that enable genes to be expressed just in particular cells and at certain specific times.
the replication of DNA
the transcription and translation of DNA
the processes by which a cell converts DNA into functional proteins
- 19. Multiple Choice
Housekeeping genes are different to other genes because
They are always switched on
They can vary their rate of transcription
They can vary their rate of translation
They are always switched off
- 20. Multiple Choice
Epigenetics is
the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself
the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of genotypes
the study of the stability of genes overtime, in DNA that has shown no change over time.
the study of changes in organisms that are the result of factors outside of or above genetic influence
- 21. Multiple Choice
Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that contains highly repetitive DNA sequences. The purpose of these regions are
to protect the DNA molecule from degradation during replication.
to increase the rate of transcription.
to edit out non-coding regions of DNA.
- 22. Multiple Choice
What is the name of the key chemical group that can be added to DNA to inhibit transcription?
methyl group
acetyl group
study group
phosphate group
- 23. Multiple Choice
What is the name of the key chemical group that can be added to histone proteins to promote transcription?
methyl groups
acetyl groups
phosphate groups
study groups
- 24. Multiple Choice
How does modification of DNA and histones deactivate a gene?
DNA is more tightly bound to the histone making it less accessible to transcription factors.
DNA is more loosely bound to the histone making it more accessible to transcription factors.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Analysis of DNA methylation patterns revealed that variation in levels of methylation between twins.
increased with age.
decreased with age.
remained constant with age.
- 26. Multiple ChoiceIn eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.transcription factorstopoisomeraseregulatory genesactivators
- 27. Multiple Choicewhat does a promoter do?it allows a gene to be transcribedit creates a DNA segmentit is another word for ribosomesit is another word for RNA
- 28. Multiple ChoiceA protein that binds to the operator and blocks the RNA polymeraseregulatorrepressoractivatorcorepressor
- 29. Multiple Choice
When gene expression occurs
A gene is mutated with either an insertion or deletion
The gene is removed from the genotype in that cell
The gene is passed on to the daughter cells during mitosis
The gene is activated and used in protein synthesis
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which can be found in all animals and determine the general blueprint for the body plan of animals?
Homeobox genes
Language genes
Type I Genes
Type II Genes
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