Workers paid the company for all of their needs, such as food and housing.

Company agents were constantly monitoring residents.

Everyone in the town worked for the same company.

Companies made everyone who lived in company towns sign an anti-union contract.

Blacklisted workers could be charged with criminal acts if they attempted to find other jobs.

The majority of blacklisted workers had been injured during the strike and were unable to work.

The majority of blacklisted workers had criminal records that disqualified them from most employers’ hiring criteria.

Blacklisted workers were viewed as troublesome, untrustworthy, and even dangerous by other employers.

a union strategy involving work stoppage designed to put pressure on an employer

a union strategy in which workers stop buying an employer’s goods until the employer gives in to workers’ demands

negotiations by union leaders on behalf of a group of workers in an attempt to win better pay for workers

the refusal of union leaders to allow certain groups of people to join unions

included workers from different industries.

did not support the eight-hour work day.

refused to use strikes as a way to achieve their goals.

excluded craft union members and skilled workers.

believed anyone should be allowed to join a union.

preferred negotiations rather than strikes.

often became involved in politics.

focused on issues important to all workers.

a workers’ march to protest low wages.

union support of a political party.

an increase in the number of union members.

a shorter work day, which meant less wages.

It taught him how to lay railroad tracks with steel.

The Pennsylvania Railroad Company was his best customer when he built his business.

The Pennsylvania Railroad Company paid him well enough so he eventually could invest in his own business.

It helped him predict that the demand for steel to build railroad tracks and bridges would grow.

It allowed Carnegie to produce higher quality steel more quickly, which increased demand.

It made transportation of steel faster and more efficient, lowering Carnegie’s costs.

It allowed Carnegie to cut his cost of labor, increasing his profits.

It allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply, cutting his costs.

The company controlled every step of steel production, from raw materials to distribution.

The company controlled all the steel plants in the country.

The company became the only source of steel after competitors went out of business.

The company was able to produce more steel than any other steel company in the world.

In all his businesses, Rockefeller made sure that he controlled all aspects of production.

With every purchase of a refinery, Rockefeller would add new products to his business.

In all his businesses, Rockefeller made a profit and used it to expand or buy other businesses.

With every business Rockefeller bought, he would learn about it, sell it at a profit, and buy another business.

Time zones set the entire country to the same time.

Time zones measured time locally instead of country-wide.

Time zones made sure that each state was in only one zone.

Time zones created a standard of time that all trains followed.

by combining into a single railway company

by working together voluntarily

by unionizing their labor forces

by complying with federal legislation

They mined the land for coal and other natural resources.

They sold the land to farmers and ranchers.

They built factories along the rail lines.

They created land preservations in order to protect the environment.

the survival of strong companies over weak ones.

government regulation and oversight.

large business owners working together.

rate controls and price fixing.

No businesses violated the law once it was put into place.

Court cases took too much time and cost too much money.

The Interstate Commerce Commission knew it wouldn’t win.

The law was too unpopular with the general public.

The strike had a minor impact on the national economy because companies quickly hired new workers.

The strike had a major impact on the national economy because workers in other industries joined the strike.

The strike had a major impact on the national economy because it prevented trade and commerce.

The strike impacted the local economy but not the national economy.

The strike caused George Pullman to lose money.

The government felt it was their responsibility to protect the workers.

The strike disrupted mail delivery.

The government was worried that people would stop using the rail system to travel.

skilled workers.

unskilled workers.

employers.

immigrants.

They fired all the employees.

They engaged in negotiations with the employees.

They hired a new set of employees.

They refused to negotiate with the employees.

a large company that consists of two merged businesses

multiple businesses that combine and operate in one state

a business that buys another business

a large company or combined businesses that control a specific market

He purchased iron mines around the country to add to his business.

He created a trust that controlled ninety percent of the nation's oil refineries.

He created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks.

He purchased coal plants around the country to add to his business.

It did not affect the demand for steel at all.

It decreased the demand for steel since railroad tracks were built from wood.

It increased the demand for steel since steel was used to make railcars and tracks.

It decreased the demand for steel since the railroad was generally not used to transport steel.