E.S. Energy in Earth Processes (Topic 5)
21 days ago
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• Question 1
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Q.

Which is the major source of energy for most of Earth's processes

radioactive decay within the Earth's interior

convection currents in Earth's mantle

earthquakes along fault zones

• Question 2
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Q.

All objects warmer than 0 Kelvin (absolute zero) must be

condensing to form a gas

warmer than 0 degrees Celsius

expanding in size

• Question 3
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Q.

The various types of electromagnetic energy are distinguished from one another by their

temperature

wavelengths

height of waves

speed of travel in space

• Question 4
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Q.

Which type of electromagnetic energy has the shortes wavelength

ultraviolet

visible light

gamma rays

• Question 5
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Q.

In the visible light spectrum, which color has the longest wavelength?

red

green

orange

violet

• Question 6
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Q.

Which statement about electromagnetic energy is correct?

Violet light has a longer wavelength than red light

X-rays have a longer wavelength than infrared waves

Radio waves have shorter wavelength than ultraviolet rays.

Gamma rays have a shorter wavelength than visible light.

• Question 7
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Q.

As electromagnetic energy from a heat source interacts with its environment, it is being

reflected only

refracted only

absorbed only

reflected, refracted, and absorbed.

• Question 8
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Q.

Which would absorb the most solar radiation, if you assume that each covers an equal geographic area.

a freshwater lake

a snow beach

a sandy beach

a forest

• Question 9
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Q.

Which type of surface would most likely be the best reflector of electromagnetic energy?

dark-colored and rough

dark-colored and smooth

light-colored and rough

light-colored and smooth

• Question 10
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Q.

An object that is a good radiator of electromagnetic waves is also a good

insulator from heat

reflector of heat

absorber of electromagnetic energy

refractor of electromagnetic energy

• Question 11
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Q.

A homeowner decides to install carpet in a room that receives the most sunlight. A carpet with which characteristics will absorb the most radiation from the sun?

smooth texture and light color

smooth texture and dark color

rough texture and light color

rough texture and dark color

• Question 12
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Q.

The environment is in dynamic equilibrium when it is gaining

less energy than it is losing

more energy than it is losing

the same amount of energy it is losing

• Question 13
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Q.

Differences in density cause energy to be transferred by which method?

absorption

conduction

convection

• Question 14
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Q.
• Question 15
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Q.

At which temperature will an object radiate the greatest amount of electromagnetic energy?

0 degrees F

5 degrees C

10 degrees F

230 K

• Question 16
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Q.

What method of energy transfer requires no medium for the transfer?

conduction

convection

refraction

• Question 17
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Q.

By which process does starlight travel through space?

absorption

conduction

vaporization

• Question 18
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Q.

By which process do light rays pass through window glass?

conduction

convection

compression

• Question 19
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Q.

Which diagram correctly indicates why convection currents form in water when water is heated?

• Question 20
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Q.

How do the wavelengths of electromagnetic energy absorbed by materials on Earth compare to the wavelengths radiated by materials on Earth?

The absorbed and reradiated wavelengths are the same.

• Question 21
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Q.

The temperature of an object is determined by the

average kinetic energy of its molecules

average potential energy of its molecules

total kinetic energy of the object

total potential energy of the object

• Question 22
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Q.

The temperature of a stovetop is 65 $\degree$   C. What is the equivalent Fahrenheit temperature?

126 $\degree$ F

132 $\degree$ F

144 $\degree$ F

149 $\degree$ F

• Question 23
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Q.

Its potential energy decreases, and its kinetic energy increases

Its potential energy increases, and its kinetic energy decreases

Its potential energy and kinetic energy both decrease

Its potential energy and kinetic energy both increase

• Question 24
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Q.

Equal masses of lead, granite, basalt, and water at 5 $\degree$ C are exposed to equal quantities of heat energy. Which would be the first to show a temperature rise of 10 $\degree$ C?

granite

basalt

water

• Question 25
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Q.

During some winters in the Finger Lakes region of New York State, the water remains unfrozen even though the land around the lakes is frozen and covered with snow. The primary cause of this difference is that water

gains heat during evaporation

is at a lower elevation

has a higher specific heat

• Question 26
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Q.

At which temperature will ice melt under normal conditions?

0 K

32 K

212 K

273 K

• Question 27
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Q.

The change from the gas, or vapor phase, to the liquid phase is called

evaporation

condensation

precipitation

transpiration

• Question 28
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Q.

Which diagram correctly shows the processes that change the phases of matter?

• Question 29
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Q.

two identical towels are hanging on a clothesline in the sun. One towel is wet: the other is dry. The wet towel feels much cooler than the dry towel because the

dry towel receives more heat energy from the sun

dry towel has more room for heat storage than the wet towel

presence of water in the wet towel requires an additional amount of heat energy to bring about a temperature change

water in the wet towel prevents absorption of heat energy

• Question 30
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Q.

Water loses energy when it changes phase from

liquid to solid

solid to liquid

liquid to gas

solid to gas

• Question 31
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Q.

What is the major source of energy for Earth's surface

convective motion within the mantle

energy released during the collision of tectonic plates

interaction of major air masses as Earth rotates on its axis

electromagnetic energy from the sun

• Question 32
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Q.

The sun's energy is most likely the result of

the burning of fossil fuels

gravitational contraction of the sun

a nuclear reaction involving the combination of atoms

a nuclear reaction involving radioactive decay

• Question 33
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Q.

A source of energy for the high temperatures found deep within Earth is

tidal fraction

meteorite bombardment of Earth

• Question 34
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Q.

Which process requires water to gain 2260 joules of energy per gram?