oceanic crust

continental crust

mantle

core

Whitehouse, TX

core material seeps up through volcanoes in the crust

circulating liquid metals in the core set up a large (measurable) magnetic field

spectroscopy allows us to tell what the core is made of by analyzing the light we receive

the amount of radioactivity shows metals must be present; only metals are radioactive

you can't fool me; there is NO evidence that the Earth's core has metals

in smooth continental desert areas

in the southern hemisphere of the Earth, where there is more water

where the Earth's magnetic field touches the planet's surface

on the boundaries of continental plates, where they meet other plates

you can't fool me, such faults are equally likely anywhere on the Earth's crust

the continents are moving but the ocean floor is not, leading to great friction

the rubbing of the waters of the Earth across its crust is speeding up its rotation

the liquid metal inside the Earth is developing plates of solid metallic material, which contribute to the Earth's magnetic field

earthquakes are caused by huge waves that come up from inside the molten core of the Earth

slow motions within the mantle of the Earth move large sections of the crust around

the ionosphere

the stratosphere

the troposphere

the ozone layer

the mesosphere