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- 1. Multiple Choice
The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?It provides information about the organisms' habitats.It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms. - 2. Multiple ChoiceSimilar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation ofhomologous structures.analogous structures.Hox genes.intermediate fossil forms.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceMolecular evidence in support of natural selection includesthe nearly universal genetic code.the presence of vestigial structures.a tendency toward perfect, unchanging DNA in various species.the transmission of acquired characteristics by DNA.
- 4. Multiple ChoiceModern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebratesshare a common ancestor with sea stars.evolved from sea stars.belong to the same species as sea stars.none of these
- 5. Multiple ChoiceBiogeography is the study ofwhere species and their ancestors live.how extinct species can be related to living species.how different species can interbreed.how animals that live in the same area are closely related.
- 6. Multiple ChoiceThe principle of common descent helps explain whywell-adapted species have many offspring.conditions in an organism’s environment ensures the organism’s survival.birds and reptiles share a number of inherited characteristics.tigers are so different from cheetahs.
- 7. Multiple ChoiceCharles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environmentdiversityfitnessadaptationevolution
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these would have the least effect on natural selection in a subspecies of giraffes that is geographically isolated from other subspecies of giraffes?available nichesexisting predatorschromosome numberavailable food resources
- 9. Multiple ChoiceOver time, the climate of an island became drier, which resulted in changes to the populations of various island finch species. Finch populations with a certain beak shape thrived, while those not having that beak shape decreased. Which of the following describes a necessary condition for these changes in the finch populations to occur?fewer mutationslimited food resourceslimited beak variationsoverproduction of offspring
- 10. Multiple ChoiceForm a Hypothesis Considering the body structure of the tortoises shown in Figure 16–2, which tortoises—a population from Pinta Island or a population from Isabela Island—might survive more successfully on Hood Island? Why?The Pinta Island tortoises would be likely to survive more successfully because they appear to be more similar to the Hood Island tortoises.The Isabela island tortoises because their head and neck are more protected.both of these are correctneither one of these are correct
- 11. Multiple ChoiceIn humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in Figure 16–1 areexamples of fossils.vestigial structures.acquired traits.examples of natural variation.
- 12. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagramThe organisms share a common ancestry.The organisms belong to the same genus.The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults. - 13. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best illustrates natural selection?An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.A community whose members work together utilizing all existing resources and migratory routes.The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceThe structures shown are_________homologousheterologousanalogousvestigial
- 15. Multiple ChoiceScientists find that most feral cats in a neighborhood have whiskers about 12 cm long. After about 15 generations of stabilizing selection, what would you expect to see?even more cats with 12 cm long whiskersmost cats with less than 12 cm long whiskersmost cats with more than 12 cm long whiskersmost cats with whiskers either less than or more than 12 cm long, very few with whiskers 12 cms
- 16. Multiple ChoiceA bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high ___________.IQmutation ratefitnessadaptability
- 17. Multiple ChoiceDogs such as Chihuahuas are examples of....Artificial SelectionNatural SelectionMutations
- 18. Multiple ChoiceGenetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...random chancenatural selectionnon-random mating (sexual selection)artificial selection
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThis mechanism of evolution occurs when populations migrate.ExtinctionGene flowGenetic driftNatural Selection
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is true?Gene pool frequencies do not change as a result of migration in or out of a population.Gene flow occurs only as a result of isolation of a small population.Gene flow can cause new alleles to enter a population's gene pool.Gene flow is due the the selection of the most favorable traits.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following cannot introduce new alleles into a population's gene pool?MutataionNatural selectionGene FlowAll of the above introduce new alleles into the population
- 22. Multiple ChoiceTraits that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.evolutionadaptationselectiongenotypes
- 23. Multiple Choice
How does natural selection affect allele frequency in the population?
beneficial alleles become more frequent
harmful alleles become more frequent
alleles stay the same
none of the above
- 24. Multiple Choice
If a new mutation appears in a population, which factor might determine the frequency of that new mutation?
How many other alleles are possible already
How many phenotypes the rest of the population has
Whether the mutation increases the fitness of the organism
Whether the mutation was caused by nature or by humans
- 25. Multiple Choice
A group of organisms that are similar and breed to produce fertile offspring are called
ecosystems
populations
species
communities
- 26. Multiple Choice
A small portion of a hare population survives a hurricane. This is an example of:
the bottleneck effect
the founder effect
reproductive isolation
geographic isolation
- 27. Multiple Choice
Which of these is an example of mimicry?
A group of birds with uniquely shaped beaks
A fish blending in with water plants in its environment
The thick feathers of a bird making it a silent flier
A non-poisonous butterfly matching the colors of a poisonous butterfly
- 28. Multiple Choice
Evidence of common ancestors can be found in ____________ and in living organisms.
speciation
natural selection
reproductive isolation
fossils
- 29. Multiple Choice
All the genes in a population are the population’s
Gene flow
Gene pool
Genotype
Fitness
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which of the following must occur after a period of geographic isolation in order for the two sibling species to remain genetically distinct following their geographic reunion in the same home range?
Prezygotic barriers
Postzygotic barriers
Ecological isolation
Reproductive isolation
- 31. Multiple ChoiceDescribes a patter of long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of more rapid changeconvergent evolutioncoevolutionpunctuated equilibriumadaptive radiation
- 32. Multiple ChoiceThe hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known asspeciationpunctuated equilibriumgradualismmicroevolution
- 33. Multiple ChoiceThe evolution of an ancestral species into an array of species that occupy different nichesconvergent evolutioncoevolutionspeciationadaptive radiation
- 34. Multiple ChoiceWhat is convergent evolution?evolution toward similar traits in unrelated speciesevolution toward different traits in closely related specieselimination of a species from Earththe rise of two or more species from one existing species
- 35. Multiple ChoiceSharks and dolphins both have streamlined bodies that allow them to move through water efficiently, this is an example of which type of evolution?DivergentCoevolutionConvergentArtificial
- 36. Multiple ChoiceIn convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because theyhave a common ancestorlive in similar environmentsdevelop homologous structuresare closely related
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of evolution is demonstrated in this photo?CoevolutionConvergent evolutionPunctuated evolutionGradualistic evolution
- 38. Multiple Choice
Cichlid fishes in lakes of the East African Rift. The lakes in this area are believed to support and sustain about 2,000 different species of these fish, each with different ecological and morphological characteristics such as body size. These lakes form a fragmented landscape that bio-geographically isolates the different species of cichlid fish from one another, allowing them, and many of the organisms they live with, to evolve separately.
Phyletic Speciation
Adaptive Radiation
Convergent Evoltion
Co-evolution
- 39. Multiple Choice
When two or more species sharing a common ancestor become more different over time, resulting from adaptations to different environmental conditions
Divergent evolution
Convergent evolution
Coevolution
Coextinction
- 40. Multiple Choice
A salamander evolves a toxin; the snake predator evolves resistance; the salamander evolves more toxicity; etc.
Coextinction
Coevolution
Convergent evolution
Adaptive radiation
- 41. Multiple Choice
Who is at the most risk of going extinct?
large population
genetically diverse population
few harmful mutations
small population
- 42. Multiple Choice
Which process can produce new inheritable characteristics within a multicellular species?
cloning of the zygote
mitosis in muscle cells
gene alterations in gametes
differentiation in nerve cells
- 43. Multiple Choice
Which statement concerning the evolution of species A, B, C, D, and E is supported by the diagram below?
Species B and C can be found in today’s environments.
Species A and D evolved from E.
Species A and C can still interbreed.
Species A, B, and E all evolved from a common ancestor and all are successful today.
- 44. Multiple Choice
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Letters A through E represent different species of organisms. The arrows represent long periods of geologic time.
Which species would most likely show the greatest similarities in their amino acid sequences?
A and E
A and B
B and D
C and E
- 45. Multiple Choice
A small village was heavily infested with mosquitoes. The village was sprayed weekly with an insecticide for a period of several months. The results of daily counts of the mosquito population are shown in the graph below.
Which statement best explains why some mosquitoes survived after the first spraying?
Some mosquitoes were adapted to the climatic change that occurred over the several-month period of spraying.
All of the mosquitoes contained DNA unique to the species.
The spraying of the insecticide represented a change in the environment to which all adult mosquitoes were adapted.
A natural variation existed within the mosquito population.
- 46. Multiple Choice
The evolutionary pathways of seven living species are shown in the diagram below.
Which two species are likely to have the most similar DNA base sequences?
B and G
E and G
B and C
C and D
- 47. Multiple Choice
Variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms is the direct result of
sorting and recombining of genes
replication and cloning
the need to adapt and maintain homeostasis
overproduction of offspring and competition
- 48. Multiple Choice
The diagram below represents four different species of bacteria.
Which statement is correct concerning the chances of survival for these species if there is a change in the environment?
Species A has the best chance of survival because it has the most genetic diversity.
Species C has the best chance of survival because it has no gene mutations.
Neither species B nor species D will survive because they compete for the same resources.
None of the species will survive because bacteria reproduce asexually.
- 49. Multiple Choice
Certain chemicals, such as cytochrome C, are found within cells of all living organisms. The biochemical structure of cytochrome C in ground finches and in tree finches is very similar. This suggests that tree finches and ground finches have
identical DNA
a common ancestor
evolved at the same time
the same nesting site
- 50. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows the evolutionary relationships of some organisms.
Which two organisms would most likely synthesize the most similar enzymes?
monkey and mouse
cow and horse
chimp and rat
horse and dog
- Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags