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- 1. Multiple Choice
Why did many of America’s banks fail after the stock market crash of 1929?
The banks foresaw the need for charity in the 1930s, so they donated all the cash to soup kitchens.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff taxed the banks heavily and took all the cash.
Laissez-faire politics caused the banks to liquidate all their cash in an effort to save the stock market.
People rushed to the banks and withdrew all their money in a panic after the stock market crashed.
- 2. Multiple Choice
How did excess consumerism, buying on margin, and the overextension of credit contribute to the beginning of the Great Depression?
Factories could not withstand the amount of excess consumerism and were forced to close, beginning the Depression.
Buying on margin caused the banks to run out of cash and thus began the Depression.
Americans were in large amounts of debt that they had no way to pay back.
The overextension of credit was alleviated by the Hawley-Smoot tariff, but excess consumerism was too much for the economy.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Why was “laissez-faire” politics a problem when the Great Depression occurred?
Laissez-faire politics created high taxes that consumers could not pay, causing the Depression.
The government had no plan to fix the economy and no safety net for the American people.
Under laissez-faire, the government over-regulated the stock market, which caused the crash.
Laissez-faire encouraged Rugged Individualism, and fierce competition caused the market to crash
- 4. Multiple Choice
What was the purpose of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff, and how did it affect American/global trade?
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff was meant to protect American businesses by taxing foreign goods, but it hurt global trade.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff was created to start the New Deal, but it was shut down by the Supreme Court.
The tariff was meant to forgive consumer debt, and it caused the economy to recovery almost immediately.
The tariff offered loans to banks and stimulated global trade to record highs.
- 5. Multiple Choice
What was the ultimate effect of all the causes of the Great Depression? What level did this effect reach by 1933?
The ultimate effect was a rise in violent protests across America and a civil war in 1933.
Rising levels of unemployment and homelessness; Unemployment reached 25% of the population by 1933.
The effect was an increase in taxes; taxes were as high as 90% of Americans’ income by 1933.
The result was government expansion and loan forgiveness; the Depression was over by 1933.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Why did farmers expand their planting after World War I?
Farmers expanded their planting to reduce the amount of meat Americans were consuming.
The expansion of planting came as a result of the high taxes after the passage of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff.
Wheat prices dropped after WWI, so farmers planted more to try to make money.
Farmers expanded their planting to hold the dust in and stop the Dust Bowl.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Describe the social impacts of the Dust Bowl on farmers, including ‘Okies’.
The Dust Bowl caused many farmers to embrace the policies of Social Darwinism and Okie-ism.
The Dust Bowl caused farmers and Okies to riot on the Great Plains and attempt to secede from the US.
Farmers and Okies united against the government and marched to Washington, D.C.
Many farmers were forced to migrate west looking for work; ‘Okies’ were Oklahomans who moved to California.
- 8. Multiple Choice
How did the government respond to the Dust Bowl?
The government essentially did nothing and continued to operate under a laissez-faire system.
The government created the RFC to give money to farmers to begin new professions.
The government paid farmers to farm less and use different farming techniques in an effort to stop the Dust Bowl.
The government brought in the Bonus Army to help farmers plant more.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Why did many people migrate around America during the Great Depression?
Americans moved around the country so they could compare how bad the Depression was in different regions.
Many Americans moved all over the country looking for work.
Americans moved to different regions of the country where the Hawley-Smoot Tariff was not in effect.
Americans moved around the country to demonstrate the ideals of Rugged Individualism.
- 10. Multiple Choice
What are Hoovervilles?
Hoovervilles are homeless camps or shantytowns named for President Hoover.
Hoovervilles are large homes that Americans built after receiving loans from the RFC.
Hoovervilles are towns where the Dust Bowl created a layer of dust two feet thick.
Hoovervilles are towns that President Hoover visited and taught Americans to be Rugged Individuals.
- 11. Multiple Choice
What did Hoover expect Americans to do under his philosophy of “rugged individualism”?
Hoover expected Americans to rely on government help and charity under “rugged individualism”.
Hoover expected Americans to pay higher taxes to demonstrate their toughness in a bad economy.
Hoover expected Americans to find jobs and work their way out of poverty and not rely on government help.
Hoover wanted Americans to plant more to display their rugged nature in the face of the Dust Bowl.
- 12. Multiple Choice
How did the Reconstruction Finance Corporation help the American economy during the Great Depression?
The RFC created thousands of new banks in America for people to go get money.
The RFC gave out millions of dollars in loans to banks and railroad companies.
The RFC taught people how to be Rugged Individuals during the Great Depression.
The RFC showed people how good the Hawley-Smoot Tariff was and how it positively impacted global trade.
- 13. Multiple Choice
________________ programs: Programs intended to help the banks and the people hit hardest by the Depression
Relief
Reconstruction Finance
Rugged Individual
Loan-forgiveness
- 14. Multiple Choice
Describe the intent/purpose of the “Bonus Army” and describe how Hoover responded to their presence in Washington, D.C.
The Bonus Army intended to overthrow the government, but Hoover talked them out of it.
The Bonus Army wanted to help farmers plant more to slow down the Dust Bowl.
The Bonus Army wanted to work for President Hoover after his inspiring speech about Rugged Individualism.
The Bonus Army marched to Washington, D.C. to ask for early payment of their war bonus, but Hoover used the military and police to violently kick them out of their shantytowns.
- 15. Multiple Choice
__________________ programs: Programs to help restart the economy and help consumers by providing new jobs
Laissez-Faire
Economic Reconstruction
Recovery
Consumer Redemptive
- 16. Multiple Choice
__________________ programs: Programs to avoid another economic depression happening in the future
Antidepressant
Reform
Future deposition
Labor and relations
- 17. Multiple Choice
Agriculture Adjustment Act:
Offered jobs to men ages 18-25 planting forests, fighting wildfires, building state parks, and doing manual labor
Established a minimum wage and child labor laws in America
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
Paid farmers to slow the production of crops, allowing them to make money and alleviating the effects of the Dust Bowl
- 18. Multiple Choice
Civilian Conservation Corps:
Offered jobs to men ages 18-25 planting forests, fighting wildfires, building state parks, and doing manual labor
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
Built roads, schools, and other infrastructure; also paid artists and photographers to create/document American culture
Paid farmers to slow the production of crops, allowing them to make money and alleviating the effects of the Dust Bowl
- 19. Multiple Choice
Fair Labor Standards Act:
Monitors stock market activity to ensure there is no fraud or insider trading
Offered jobs to men ages 18-25 planting forests, fighting wildfires, building state parks, and doing manual labor
Established a minimum wage and child labor laws in America
Paid farmers to slow the production of crops, allowing them to make money and alleviating the effects of the Dust Bowl
- 20. Multiple Choice
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation:
Built roads, schools, and other infrastructure; also paid artists and photographers to create/document American culture
Insures bank deposits up to $250,000
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
Monitors stock market activity to ensure there is no fraud or insider trading
- 21. Multiple Choice
National Recovery Administration:
Built dams along rivers in Tennessee and surrounding states to provide irrigation and cheap hydroelectric power
Offered jobs to men ages 18-25 planting forests, fighting wildfires, building state parks, and doing manual labor
Paid farmers to slow the production of crops, allowing them to make money and alleviating the effects of the Dust Bowl
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
- 22. Multiple Choice
Securities and Exchange Commission:
Built roads, schools, and other infrastructure; also paid artists and photographers to create/document American culture
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
Monitors stock market activity to ensure there is no fraud or insider trading
Established a minimum wage and child labor laws in America
- 23. Multiple Choice
Social Security Administration:
Built roads, schools, and other infrastructure; also paid artists and photographers to create/document American culture
A government-sponsored retirement program for people over 65; also offers benefits to people with disabilities who cannot work
Insures bank deposits up to $250,000
Monitors stock market activity to ensure there is no fraud or insider trading
- 24. Multiple Choice
Tennessee Valley Authority:
Built dams along rivers in Tennessee and surrounding states to provide irrigation and cheap hydroelectric power
Established a minimum wage and child labor laws in America
Put industries, workers, and government together to establish fair business practices
Insures bank deposits up to $250,000
- 25. Multiple Choice
Works Progress Administration
Monitors stock market activity to ensure there is no fraud or insider trading
Built roads, schools, and other infrastructure; also paid artists and photographers to create/document American culture
A government-sponsored retirement program for people over age 65
Built dams along rivers in Tennessee to provide irrigation and cheap hydroelectric power
- 26. Multiple Choice
What was the main effect/change caused by the implementation of FDR’s New Deal?
The New Deal immediately ended the Great Depression and saved America from economic collapse
The New Deal taught Americans that they had to rely on themselves and that the government would never help them
The New Deal caused the federal government to be much more involved in the daily lives of Americans
The New Deal caused the American political system to shift from a democracy to a dictatorship
- 27. Multiple Choice
Why was FDR accused of being a socialist during the Depression?
FDR offered universal healthcare to Americans and re-distributed all of America’s wealth
FDR expanded his power to become America’s first dictator
FDR raised the American income tax to almost 99%.
FDR increased the power of the government, allowed labor unions to expand their power, and created government-sponsored welfare programs
- 28. Multiple Choice
How did FDR target the Supreme Court during his Presidency?
FDR attempted to completely dismantle the Supreme Court and take over the American political system as a dictator
FDR demonstrated the need for America to become a socialist country with no Supreme Court
FDR threatened to fire Supreme Court justices and add more justices after the Supreme Court ruled many of his New Deal policies unconstitutional.
FDR claimed that Americans were capable of self-rule and regulation after they had embraced the ideals of Rugged Individualism
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