Appearance of smoke coming out of a chimney

Complaints received about waste odours

Volume of waste being sent to landfill each year

Best available techniques being used to reduce pollution

Context of the organisation

Performance evaluation

Operation

Support

Due diligence audit

Activity audit

Third party audit

Legal compliance audit

Staff are disengaged from their roles, colleagues,

managers and customers

Involve staff from all areas of the organisation –

identify champions to engage and motivate.

Report regularly to keep up momentum.

Staff are ‘falsely urgent’ – their time is taken up by

constant firefighting

Complacency – thinking that what got us here will

take us forward

Make the business case for change.

Provide resources to enable a change in focus.

Emphasise that a shift to a leadership approach

is more sustainable, encourages greater staff

responsibility and output – less focus on reporting.

Provide leadership training.

Identify the risks from not changing.

Highlight others’ achievements through different

ways of working.

Working in isolated silos rather than holistically

Establish a strategy to determine priorities.

Create a ‘change team’ and allocate adequate

resources.

Create a ‘change team’ and allocate adequate

resource

Reframe the risk associated with staying the same

Create a ‘change team’ and allocate adequate

resource

The necessary internal competence may not be in

place

Determining the need for change

Implementing the change

Preparing and planning for change

Reflecting on the the change.

Determining the need for change

Preparing and planning for change

Implementing the change

Sustaining the change.

‘shock’

‘anger’

‘acceptance’

‘capability’

John P. Kotter’s ‘8 Steps to Successful Change

ADKAR Model

Deming Cycle (Plan–Do–Check–Act)

Change Curve

ISO 14001 – international

BS 8555 – enables phased implementation of ISO

14001 (British standard)

Eco-management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) –

European standard

Green Dragon Environmental Standard – Wales

Integrated management (PAS 99) – environmental

standards combined with another discipline.

ISO 14001 It specifies requirements that enable an organisation to achieve the intended outcomes that it sets for its EMS.

ISO 14020 series – environmental labels and

declarations

ISO 14031 – environmental performance evaluation

ISO 14015 – environmental assessment of sites and

organisations

ISO 14063

ISO 14064

ISO 14040

ISO 14006

Plan

Do

Check

Act

Determines the intent of the EMS and readiness for stage 2. It includes a review of documentation to make sure the key parts of the standard have been considered.

Conduct an environmental review to determine the external and internal issues, needs and expectations of interested parties, risks and opportunities, environmental aspects and compliance obligations

Continued assessments are conducted to ensure the system remains effective after certification. A more in-depth strategic review is conducted after three years.

Focuses on the effectiveness of the systems at achieving their intended outcome, and is more in-depth than stage 1. It covers all requirements of the standard and all in-scope activities.

Develop and fulfilling an internal audit programme – addressing non-conformities

Identify the processes and documented information required

Conduct an environmental review to determine the external and internal issues, needs and expectations of interested parties, risks and opportunities, environmental aspects and compliance obligations

Conduct the management review unnessary

Get top management support and assign responsibility and authority to ensure the system conforms, and for reporting performance

Consider potential objectives and devise the policy statement

Consider the competencies required and gain staff commitment and improving awareness

Determine the scope but do not consider the operational and emergency processes required

Provides a systematic approach to initiating and continuing environmental improvements and helps meet compliance obligations

Internal resources are required to establish and maintain, and certification involves additional cost

Provides information to management and demonstrates green credentials; retains and wins work

Can identify cost-saving opportunities and reduces risk, including prosecution risk

Certification involves additional management time and negative publicity, if certification is lost

Can cause confidentiality concerns and information on performance may leak externally

There can be inconsistencies between auditors and can become focused on meeting requirements rather than improving performance

Enhances environmental performance by identifying resource-efficiency opportunities and improves the delivery of products and services

No guarantee of improvement and scope and objectives are down to the organisation’s discretion

Clauses 4–10

Clauses 1–10

Clauses 4–6

Clauses 1- 6

Electricity could be expressed as ‘kWh per 1,000

units produced’

Total water consumed in litres over a set period

Total product sold in units over a set period

Total waste sent to landfill in tonnes over a set

period.

If gas is used for heating, it could be expressed as ‘kWh relative to heating degree days

Total energy consumed in kWh over a set period

Energy used for air conditioning could be expressed as ‘kWh relative to cooling degree days’ or electrical input relative to cooled air output

Water usage could be reported as ‘litres per employee’ or ‘litres per m²’

ISO 14006:2015

ISO 14026:2015

ISO 14000:2015

ISO 14001:2015

Measuring the extent to which objectives have been achieved – e.g. environmental performance, expected return on investment for energy-efficient product installations

Legal requirements – e.g. a permit or licence requirement and to provide data for decision-making – e.g.greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions

Contractual obligation – e.g. zero waste to landfill on construction sites and significant resource uses

Demonstrating the failure of an environmental

improvement programme.

Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs) ISO 50001

Waste management, energy

Emission limit values

Water quality

It responds only to changes in energy performance,

and is not affected by factors such as the weather,

product throughputs or other potentially distorting

influences

The direction and magnitude of change are

consistent with, and proportionate to, the change in

energy performance

The chosen indicator can survive non-routine changes to the monitored object, such as the

addition or removal of production capacity, and the

acquisition, disposal or remodelling of buildings.

measurable result related to efficiency [ratio of output to input],

energy use [e.g. lighting] or energy consumption [i.e.quantity].

Evaluating regulatory contact received and conducting inspection

Monitoring of performance

Conducting tests and drills and complaints

Legal settlement

‘Activity’ – e.g. energy, waste, water, packaging

'Compliance’ – e.g. liability, risk, evaluation of

compliance, pre-acquisition

‘Management’ – focusing on procedures, policies,

system clauses

Civil case - e.g. summoned to the law courts

Reporting

Scoping

Planning

Conducting

Minor – usually relates to a single identified lapse, which would not indicate a breakdown in the management system’s ability to achieve its intended outcomes.

Report - The main body of the report should detail the audit

findings. Audit findings indicate conformity or nonconformity,

as well as identification of observations, opportunities for improvement or recording of good practices.

Observation – and/or Opportunity for

Improvement – is usually considered a risk of future

non-conformity, and may be raised where there

is insufficient objective evidence to justify a nonconformity, or to make the organisation aware of a potential non-conforming situation. Observations

also can be used to comment on good practice or to

identify an opportunity for ‘improvement’ to enhance

the system or realise an efficiency.

Major – usually indicates a breakdown in the management system's ability to achieve its intended outcomes. It also can mean a failure to fulfil one or more requirements of the standard

or a legal breach. A major non-conformity puts certification at risk.

Details of the conformity and the root cause

The ‘correction’ to fix the immediate issue and

‘corrective’ action to prevent recurrence

Responsibilities and timescales

Evaluation of the effectiveness of corrective action

Knowledge and experience of the management system being audited (ISO 14001) and Audit principle knowledge and skills, procedures and methods (observation, interview and analytical

skills)

Knowledge and experience of the audit topic – e.g.

environmental issues, legislation and risk

Appropriate personal behaviours and management

and delegation skills, if leading an audit and Other – organisational context, specific industry

knowledge and experience.

Ineffective experience (type and length) in conducting different types of audit