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Social Studies
9th -
12thgrade
Earth's Internal Structure and Plate Tectonics
48 questions
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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which layer of the Earth is a semi-solid, has plasticity, and could be represented in a model with toothpaste? (HInt: Layer #7)
Continental Crust
Mantle (Upper Mantle)
Asthenosphere (Middle Mantle)
Lithosphere
Oceanic Crust
- 2. Multiple Choice
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations by floating on the oceanic crust.
Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics
Lithosphere
Pacific Ring of Fire
- 3. Multiple Choice
A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move due to convection currents, gravity, density, temperature, rock cycle, ridge push, and slab pull.
Subduction Zone
Mariana Trench
Plate Tectonics
Plate Movement
- 4. Multiple Choice
The German scientist who proposed the continental drift hypothesis in 1912.
James Watson
Marie Curie
Albert Einstein
Alfred Wegener
- 5. Multiple Choice
What is NOT likely to happen at a divergent boundary?
Mountain formation
Seafloor spreading
Rift valley
Volcano formation
- 6. Multiple Choice
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts
along the edges of all the continents.
along mid-ocean ridges.
in deep-ocean trenches.
at the north and south poles.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Plate movement is caused by _____
The rotation of the Earth
Ocean tides
Convection currents in the mantle
The moon's gravity
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is used as evidence of seafloor spreading?
fossil evidence
climate clues
rock clues
divergent boundaries
- 9. Multiple ChoicePeer scientists reviewing Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift rejected his notion becauseHis evidence was too few to make a valid conclusionHe did not explain how continents move and what moves themHis evidence was not clear in showing how continents were joinedHe lied by including false evidence
- 10. Multiple Choice
The Himalayan mountains have some of the highest peaks like Mt. Everest, on which type of convergent boundary are they located?
Oceanic/Continental
Oceanic/Oceanic
Continental/Continental
None of the above
- 11. Multiple Choice
What type of features are associated with a divergent boundary?
Rift valleys
Volcanic mountains
Fold mountains
Fault block mountains
- 12. Multiple Choice
What two mechanisms do scientists think help convection currents in mantel move plates?
Ridge push and Slab pull
Normal and Reversed magnetism
Action and Reaction tectonic forces
Gravitational and Rotational pull
- 13. Multiple Choice
The youngest rocks on the seafloor are most likely found...
closest to a mid-ocean ridge
farthest from a mid-ocean ridge
near the coastlines
closest to a deep sea trench
- 14. Multiple Choice
What kind of currents cause heat transfer in the Earth?
convection currents
radiation currents
conduction currents
ocean currents
- 15. Multiple Choice
Hot matter is _________ dense and ___________
less, sinks
less, rises
more, sinks
more, rises
- 16. Multiple Choice
What do these color strips show between South America and Africa with the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
Similar cultures
Similar fossils
Similar languages
Similar weather
- 17. Multiple ChoiceThis is the name for the chain of volcanos around the edge of the Pacific Plate.Circle of FireRing of LavaRing of FireCircle of Magma
- 18. Multiple Choice
What is the opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt?
Divergent Boundary
Magma
Subduction Boundary
Volcano
- 19. Multiple Choice
The volcanoes on the Hawaiian Islands form due to which of the following?
Divergent Boundary
Hot Spot
Subduction Boundary
Transform Boundary
- 20. Multiple Choice
The Plate Tectonic Theory is based on the Continental Drift Hypothesis.
YES!
NO.
- 21. Multiple Choice
Continental Drift Hypothesis is still widely accepted TODAY.
YES!
NO! Plate tectonics is THE widely accepted theory!
- 22. Multiple Choice
The solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle is called the... (Hint: Layer #8)
convergent boundary
asthenosphere
terrane
lithosphere
- 23. Multiple Choice
According to the property of paleomagnetism, ____.
rocks do not possess magnetic properties
all rocks, regardless of when they are formed, have the same polarity
iron-rich rocks show the location of the magnetic poles at the time of their formation
all rocks have a reversed polarity
- 24. Multiple Choice
Strips of alternating magnetic polarities found in rocks in the ocean basins ____.
provide evidence that Earth’s magnetic field has never reversed polarity
provide evidence for seafloor spreading
indicate changes in Earth’s gravitation field
conflict with the theory of plate tectonics
- 25. Multiple Choice
Not all the crustal rock found on the Earth is the same age. Some of it is younger than 200 million years old, while other crustal rock can be as old as 4 billion years. Which Earth processes are most responsible for the difference in ages?
Destruction and renewal of rock at tectonic plate boundaries
Weathering and erosion by moving wind, water, and ice
Changes that rocks experience when exposed to heat and pressure
The different rates at which molten minerals cool and form crystals
- 26. Multiple Choice
What layers of Earth make up the lithosphere? (Hint: Layer #8)
the crust and lower mantle
the crust and upper mantle
the continental crust and oceanic crust
the upper and lower mantle
- 27. Multiple Choice
What was the MAIN reason Wegener's continental drift hypothesis was rejected?
he was not well liked by other scientists
He could not provide a mechansm for the movement of the contients
He could provide only illogical explanations for the movement of the continents
His evidence was incorrect
- 28. Multiple Choice
How much stronger is a magnitude 8.0 earthquake compared to magnitude 7.0 one on the Richter Scale?
7/8 as strong
10 times stronger
56 times stronger
twice as strong
- 29. Multiple Choice
Which type of wave travels through liquids, solids AND gases?
Ocean wave
S waves
L waves
P waves
- 30. Multiple Choice
an instrument that detects, records, and measures the vibrations produced by an earthquake
seismology
seismologist
seismogram
seismograph
- 31. Multiple Choice
Younger sea floor crust is located...
farther from the mid-ocean ridges
at the mid ocean ridges
at the subduction zone
near the continents
- 32. Multiple Choice
Which ocean is expanding due to a mid-ocean ridge?
Indian
Dead Sea
Atlantic
Artic
- 33. Multiple Choice
The deep interior of the Earth can be mapped using
seismic waves.
sonar.
information from drilling expeditions.
ocean waves.
- 34. Multiple Choice
What is the greenhouse effect?
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
- 35. Multiple ChoiceWhat technology was used during WWII to detect enemy submarines and produce the first map of the seafloor?SonarRadarGPS
- 36. Multiple Choice
The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
asthenosphere
crust
inner core
outer core
- 37. Multiple Choice
A layer the Earth that is made of liquid iron and nickel ; responsible for Earth's magnetic field
crust
mantle
inner core
outer core
- 38. Multiple Choice
A dense ball of solid iron and nickel at the center of the Earth
outer core
mantle
crust
inner core
- 39. Multiple Choice
The layers of the Earth touching is an example of .....
thermal energy
radiation
convection
conduction
- 40. Multiple Choice
Scientists determine what Earth’s interior looks like by using:
Volcanoes
Seismic Waves
Continental Drift
Convection Currents
- 41. Multiple Choice
The Earth's magnetic field....
Protects the Earth from solar radiation
Is part of the atmosphere
Is created by satilites
Has never changed
- 42. Multiple Choice
This is a layer of radiation and plasma that originates from the solar winds.
Magnetic Field
Magnetosphere
Van Allen Belt
- 43. Multiple Choice
What process takes place at the trenches?
divergent boundaries
subduction
new crust is formed
mountain ranges
- 44. Multiple Choice
Which physical layer is represented by the yellow layer?
lithosphere
mesosphere
core
inner core
- 45. Multiple Choice
Which compositional layer is represented by the yellow layer?
inner core
outer core
mantle
crust
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhich layer of the Earth is shown in BROWN?CrustMantleInner CoreOuter Core
- 47. Multiple Choice
At deep ocean trenches, seafloor is pushed back down into the earth where it will be “recycled” again someday as new earth. This process is called:
Subduction
Convection
- 48. Multiple Choice
Which crust layer is denser than the other?
Oceanic
Continental
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