the formal amendment process.

executives actions.

judicial review.

senatorial courtesy.

2/3s

34

3/4

37.5

By popular vote

By state legislatures

By state ratifying conventions

By signature of President Franklin Roosevelt

It grants the greatest amount of power to the national government.

Power to change the Constitution requires both the national and state governments.

The system for changing the Constitution recognizes popular sovereignty.

Federal authority is supreme and, as such, has sole power to change the Constitution.

local

state

national

executive