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- 1. Multiple ChoiceViruses bacteria, and other organisms in the environment that harm human health are classified asbiological hazardssocial hazardschemical hazardphysical hazard
- 2. Multiple ChoiceToxicology deals primarily with what types of hazards?biological and socialboth chemical and physicalhuman-madenatural disasters
- 3. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following types of people generally has a greater sensitivity to environmental hazards than the other types of people?teenageradultinfantnone; all have equal sensitivity
- 4. Multiple ChoiceThe process of measuring the chance that an environmental hazard will cause harm is calledtoxicologyepidemiologya dose-response relationshiprisk assessment
- 5. Multiple ChoiceInfectious diseases are diseases caused by a __________, such as a virus or a bacterium.pathogentoxicantpandemiccarcinogen
- 6. Multiple ChoiceA(n) __________ disease is a disease that has appeared in the human population for the first time or that has existed for a while, but is increasing rapidly or spreading around the world.environmentalpandemicemerginginfectious
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of a social hazard that cannot easily be controlled? a. smoking cigarettes c. lack of exercisesmoking cigarettespollution from a factory near your schoollack of exercisea high-fat diet
- 8. Multiple ChoiceAny substance that poses a chemical hazard is considered a(n) __pathogencarcinogenallergentoxican
- 9. Multiple ChoiceChemicals called __________ cause cancer.carcinogenpathogenneurotoxinteratogen
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhat do asbestos, radon, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and lead all have in common?They are chemical hazards that can be found indoors.They are highly dangerous carcinogensExposure to them cannot be prevented.They are unnatural and made only by humans.
- 11. Multiple ChoiceToxicology is the study of how disease affects organisms’ healthtruefalse
- 12. Multiple ChoiceIndividuals respond similarly to the same environmental hazards.truefalse
- 13. Multiple ChoiceHumans usually have developed strong resistance to emerging diseases.
true
false - 14. Multiple ChoiceA person can die from drinking too much water, too quickly.truefalse
- 15. Multiple Choice
What is the name of the relationship shown in this graph?a dose-response relationshiplow dosehigh dosedose - 16. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of response is caused by a low dose of this substance?high responselow responsemedium responseno response
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of scientist would have the most use for a graph like this?environmental science classhistorianbiologisttoxicologist
- 18. Multiple ChoicePredict what might happen to the response if the dose were increased beyond the right edge of the graph.: I think the response would increase slightly, but not by much. At some point, with an extremely high does, the response will result in death, at which point it could go no higher.I think the response would increase greatly. At some point, with an extremely high dose.I don't knownone of the above
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhat is a genetically modified organism?any process in which scientists directly manipulate an organism's DNA.Organisms that have undergone genetic engineering.the use of genetic engineering to introduce new genes into organisms to produce more valuable products.agriculture that does not deplete soil faster than it forms
- 20. Multiple ChoiceThe study of disease in human populations isepidemiologytoxicologya dose-response relationshiprisk assessment
- 21. Multiple ChoiceA person's age, sex, weight, health issues, and genetic makeup influence how he or she responds torisk assessmentnatural disastersantibiotic resistanceenvironmental hazards
- 22. Multiple ChoiceInfectious diseases can be spread bycontaminated waterhuman contactanimalsall the above
- 23. Multiple ChoiceA colorless, toxic, radioactive gas isasbestosradoncarbon monoxidelead
- 24. Multiple ChoiceIn the the United States, which agency takes the lead for responding to emerging diseases?Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)World Health Organization (WHO)Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
- 25. Multiple ChoiceThe process through which pollutants get increasingly more concentrated at each step up the food chain isbiomagnificationanaphylaxistoxicitybioaccumulation
- 26. Multiple ChoiceA large ocean wave often created by an ocean floor earthquake is a (an)avalanchetornadotsunamimudslide
- 27. Multiple ChoiceInfectious diseases are caused by pathogen, such as a virus or a bacterium.truefalse
- 28. Multiple ChoiceBiomagnification begins when organisms begin to bioacculmulate pollutants in their tissues and cells.truefalse
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is not considered to be a biological hazard?flu viruspet dandercigarette smokebacterium that causes strep throat
- 30. Multiple Choice
Indoor environmental pollution ...
... is not as dangerous as outdoor pollution.
... can be worse than outdoor pollution.
...can be 100% avoided with some simple measures.
- 31. Multiple Choice
Who of the following people has more possibilities of being struck by an environmental disease, if we take into account exposure to damaging agents?
Your teacher, who doesn’t like sunbathing at all.
Your great grandfather, who was a pirate for 40 years.
Your cousin, who has been a farmer for years and uses lots of pesticides.
Your aunt, who is a nurse and has ot to manage an x-ray machine from time to time.
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is a neurotoxin?AsbestosThalidomideMercuryDDT
- 33. Multiple ChoiceAsbestos has been shown to have a higher correlation with cancer when someone smokes cigarettes as well. This is because...both substances are teratogensthe synergistic effect that results from exposure to both at the same timeAsbestos is a carcinogen and tobacco is an endocrine disruptorthe risk-taking behavior of the individual exposed
- 34. Multiple ChoiceLD-50 showsthe dose that kills 50 % of a test populationthe dose at which 50 % of a population displays negative health effectsthe dose at which the first individual in a population dies from exposurethe dose that causes 50% of the population to become extinct
- 35. Multiple Choice
BPA has been shown to reduce the amount of testosterone in males of some species. BPA can be classified as a(n)
carcinogen
teratogen
endocrine disruptor
mutagen
- 36. Multiple ChoiceWhich list is made up of toxic metal pollutants?PCB, BPA, mercury, & potassiumcadmium, arsenic, lead, & mercuryDDT, cadmium, lead, potassium, & BPAargon, neon, chromium, & mercury
- 37. Multiple ChoiceTicks and mosquitos can be vectors for diseases. In both cases, these organisms acquire the disease-causing organism byfeeding on a host animala random mutation that is more common in small organismsbreeding in areas that are very humidall of these
- 38. Multiple ChoiceInfectious diseases are diseases caused by a __________, such as a virus or a bacterium.pathogentoxicantpandemiccarcinogen
- 39. Multiple ChoiceSome mercury that we are exposed to comes from natural sources, but most comes from anthropogenic sources, in particular fromautomobile exhaustcoal-burning power plantsold paint in homesrunoff from livestock waste
- 40. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is a non-transmissible disease?tuberculosismeaslesHIVdiabetes
- 41. Multiple ChoiceA global outbreak of an infectious disease is called a or anepidemicendemicpandemicoutbreak
- 42. Multiple ChoiceLead poisoning affects which of the following systems the most?respiratorycirculatorynervousintegumentary
- 43. Multiple ChoiceDDT, PCB's, BPA and phthalates are all examples of ....insecticideshormonally active agentsplastic additivesall of these
- 44. Multiple ChoiceA child shows symptoms of lead toxicity, which is linked to lead based paint on found on the bedroom walls. This type of poisoning would be considered...AcuteSynergismChronicAntagonism
- 45. Multiple ChoiceDDT is ____________ in the environment. This means it doesn't break down/decompose, instead it lasts a long time.persistentsynergisticacutethreshold
- 46. Multiple ChoiceA toxin, such as DDT, builds up in the fatty tissue of an organism. This is referred to as...biomagnificationbioaccumulationsynergismdose-response
- 47. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the name for the measure of how harmful a substance is?toxicityresponsedosebiomagnification
- 48. Multiple ChoiceTicks and mosquitos can be vectors for diseases. In both cases these organisms acquire the disease-causing organism byfeeding on a host animala random mutation that is more common in small organismsbreeding in areas that are very humidall of these
- 49. Multiple ChoiceAsbestos has been shown to have a higher correlation with cancer when someone smokes cigarettes as well. This is becauseboth substances are teratogensthe synergistic effect that results from exposure to both at the same timeAsbestos is a carcinogen and tobacco is an endocrine disrupterthe risk-taking behavior of the individual exposed
- 50. Multiple ChoiceDeveloping countries might show higher rates of all of the following exceptunsafe drinking waterindoor air pollution effectsunder and malnutritionhigh blood pressure and obesity
- 51. Multiple ChoiceThe category of chemicals that effects the central nervous system isneurotoxinsteratogenscarcinogensendocrine disrupters
- 52. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT a carcinogen?asbestosformaldehyderadonBPA
- 53. Multiple ChoiceWhich one is NOT a mechanisms by which infectious diseases are transmitted?HumansWater and FoodOrganismsWeather
- 54. Multiple Choice__________ are disease-carrying organisms that usually __________ suffer from the disease themselves.Vectors / do notSectors / greatly
- 55. Multiple ChoiceWhich one is NOT a reason why infectious diseases are less of a threat in developed nations?Better sanitation (clean)Access to medicineThey are smarter
- 56. Multiple ChoiceAn emerging diseases is a disease that: Has appeared in the human population for the _____ time.1st2nd3rd4th
- 57. Multiple ChoiceAn emerging diseases is a disease that: Is spreading...Around the worldAround the regionAround the districtAround the biome
- 58. Multiple ChoiceWhich one is NOT a reason why emerging diseases are particularly dangerous to humans?Humans have little to no resistance to themMethods of controlling emerging diseases have not been invented yetHumans catch diseases faster than animals
- 59. Multiple ChoiceWhat international group monitors and coordinates responses to emerging diseases?World Health Organization (WHO)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- 60. Multiple ChoiceWhat group responds to emerging diseases in the United States?World Health Organization (WHO)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- 61. Multiple ChoiceWhat do antibiotics cure?bacteriavirusparasitefungus
- 62. Multiple ChoiceWhich pathogen needs a host cell to reproduce?virusbacteriafungusparasite
- 63. Multiple ChoiceWhich best explains how a nonliving virus is able to reproduce?A virus becomes living when in contact with a host organism.A virus infects a host organism by injecting its DNA into the cells of the host organism.A virus infects a host organism by pulling the DNA from the cells of the host organism into itself.A virus becomes living when a sufficient number of viruses invade a host organism and cause an infection.
- 64. Multiple ChoiceVaccines are most often associated with this pathogen.VirusBacteriaFungus
- 65. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the 4 types of pathogens that could cause illness?animals, bacteria, fungi and plantsbacteria, fungi, nucleus, protistbacteria, fungi, viruses, protistbacteria, plants, fungi, protist
- 66. Multiple ChoiceWhich mosquito drinks blood?femalemaleboth male and femalemosquitoes don't drink blood
- 67. Multiple ChoiceHow does human acquires malaria?Ingestion of contaminated foodBiting of vectorSwimming in infected lakeUse homemade solution for contact lense
- 68. Multiple Choice
Malaria can reccur.
True
False
- 69. Multiple Choice
What caused the cholera outbreak?
Unhealthy Food
Obesity
Poor sanitation
Contaminated water
- 70. Multiple ChoiceThe host for this disease is the mosquito.malariacholeraHIVsmallpox
- 71. Multiple ChoiceThis disease can be transmitted through blood and sexual fluids.smallpoxcholeraHIVmalaria
- 72. Multiple ChoiceThis disease is spread through the bacterium Vibrio cholerae .smallpoxmalariacholeraHIV
- 73. Multiple ChoiceThis disease is spread mostly by unsafe water and unsafe food that has been contaminated with human feces.smallpoxmalariaCholeraHIV
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