It was the first time Congress voted to overrule a presidential veto

It represented a shift in federal power after the impeachment of President Johnson

It showed Congress' intent to pass laws that protected racial minorities

It represented the failure of northern abolitionists to influence Reconstruction policies.

governors during the colonial era

Reconstruction governments after the Civil War

Patriots during the American Revolution

revivalists after the Second Great Awakening

limit the effects of the Reconstruction Amendments

increase the labor supply for factory jobs in the North

decrease the number of northern representatives in Congress

improve relations with the Democratic Party

established schools

certified applications for political office

granted small business loans

provided funds for farming supplies

caused many American Indians tribes to create written constitutions

provided education to American Indians through locally run schools

limited the voting rights of American Indians

harmed the communal structure of American Indian society