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- 1. Multiple Choice
A mouse breeder mates a black-furred mouse with a white-furred mouse. All the offspring have gray fur.
How is the trait of fur color inherited in mice?
sex-linked inheritance
co-dominance inheritance
complete dominance inheritance
incomplete dominance inheritance
- 2. Multiple Choice
The diagram below shows a cross that is similar to one of Mendel’s pea plant crosses. How is blue flower color inherited in the cross shown?
as a recessive trait
as a dominant trait
as a co-dominant trait
as an incompletely dominant trait
- 3. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows the results of crossing a pea plant with round seeds and a pea plant with wrinkled seeds. What can be determined from the results of the experiment?
Smooth shape and wrinkled shape are both recessive traits.
Smooth shape and wrinkled shape are both dominant traits.
Smooth shape is a dominant trait, and wrinkled shape is a recessive trait.
Smooth shape is a recessive trait, and wrinkled shape is a dominant trait.
- 4. Multiple Choice
A pea plant with round seeds is crossed with a pea plant with wrinkled seeds. The figure below shows the results of this cross. What can you conclude about wrinkled seeds?
The wrinkled shape is a recessive trait.
The wrinkled shape is a dominant trait.
The wrinkled shape is an acquired trait.
The wrinkled shape is an incomplete trait.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Gregor Mendel observed that two plants with purple flowers could produce some offspring with white flowers and some offspring with purple flowers. Which of the following did Mendel use to explain this result?
genetic mutations
environmental conditions
inherited and acquired traits
dominant and recessive traits
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which of these choices describes a segment of DNA that determines a specific trait in a person, such as attached earlobes?
a gene
a phenotype
a chromosome
a characteristic
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which of these choices is the definition of allele?
the form of a gene that is expressed
one of the alternative forms of a gene
the combination of genes for a specific trait
the complete genetic makeup of a living thing
- 8. Multiple Choice
A snapdragon plant with red flowers is crossed with a snapdragon plant with white flowers. The offspring produced have pink flowers. Which of these conditions does this cross illustrate?
codominance
nondominance
complete dominance
incomplete dominance
- 9. Multiple Choice
A scientist crosses a rabbit with short fur and a rabbit with long fur. Which of these outcomes would show that the trait for fur length is an example of incomplete dominance?
All the offspring have no fur.
All the offspring have long fur.
All the offspring have short fur.
All the offspring have medium-length fur.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Ryan notices that all of his friend’s brothers and sisters are tall. What is the most likely explanation for this characteristic?
They have tall parents.
They have identical genes.
They eat only healthy foods.
They live in the same environment.
- 11. Multiple Choice
A species of plant has a dominant gene for a tall stem and a recessive gene for a dwarf stem. How do the plant’s genes and its environment influence its height?
Genes and environment are both major influences.
Genes and environment are both minor influences.
Environment influences the height, but genes do not.
Genes influence the height, but environment does not.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is directly responsible for an acquired trait?
genotype
phenotype
environment
chromosomes
- 13. Multiple Choice
Some traits are inherited and others are acquired. Which of the following is an acquired trait in humans?
eye color
hair color
blood type
table manners
- 14. Multiple Choice
Each pea plant has a gene that determines seed color. One version of the gene is for green seed color, and the other version of the gene is for yellow seed color. Which of these choices is another word for the two versions of the gene for seed color?
trait
allele
genotype
phenotype
- 15. Multiple Choice
A scientist is studying the flowers of a certain plant. In one experiment, she crosses a plant that has blue flowers with a plant that has white flowers. The resulting offspring have only blue flowers. This outcome is an example of which of the following?
codominance
asexual reproduction
complete dominance
incomplete dominance
- 16. Multiple Choice
Human blood types A and B show codominance. The alleles determine what kind of antigens are produced on the red blood cells. What kind of blood cells are produced by a person that has inherited an A allele and a B allele blood?
type A
type B
both type A and type B
neither type A nor type B
- 17. Multiple Choice
The diagram below shows several structures located within a cell. Which statement best describes the relationship among the structures?
Structures B and C are located within Structure A and code for inherited traits.
Structures B and C come together to form a new organisms during fertilization.
Structure A is a small part of Structures A and B and codes for a single inherited trait.
Structure C is located within Structure B, which is located within Structure A, and all three code for different versions of the same trait.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which choice best defines heredity?
the joining of sex cells to form the first cell of a new organism
the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next
the cycle through which an organism grows from a young form to a mature form
the technology that enables scientists to insert genetic information from one organism into another
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which statement about genes is always true?
Each gene is responsible for a single trait.
Many genes are required to determine a single trait.
Genes are located on chromosomes within the cell nucleus.
Both inherited traits and acquired traits are determined by genes.
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of a trait a person may have because of heredity?
a blister on a finger
a scar on a forehead
a light skin tone
a pierced ear
- 21. Multiple Choice
A scientist is studying the genetic material that determines the traits of an individual. In which part of the cell must the scientist focus her studies?
nucleus
cell wall
cytoplasm
cell membrane
- 22. Multiple Choice
Which vocabulary word is the situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism?
codominance
dominance
incomplete dominance
gene
- 23. Multiple Choice
The ______________________ allele is the allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
dominant
recessive
gene
heredity
- 24. Multiple Choice
This is the unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristics of the offspring.
gene
heredity
genotype
phenotype
- 25. Multiple Choice
A(n) _______________________ is an organisms makeup, or allele combination.
genotype
phenotype
heredity
spore
- 26. Multiple Choice
This is the situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele (a blend).
incomplete dominance
codominance
dominant
recessive
- 27. Multiple Choice
The ____________________ is an organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
genotype
phenotype
zygote
gene
- 28. Multiple Choice
The ______________________ allele is the allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present in the genotype.
recessive
dominant
codominant
phenotype
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