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21 questions
Compared to human experience, the Universe has been around a long time, nearly ___
14 thousand years
14 million years
14 billion years
14 trillion years
The notation used for numbers that are really big is called ___
binary
hexadecimal
scientific notation
standard notation
Scientific notation is a shorthand way of expressing numbers using powers of ___
2
8
10
16
With scientific notation, every time the exponent goes up by one the actual number is ___
twice as big
10 times bigger
100 times bigger
1000 times bigger
A million is 10 to the sixth, a billion is 10 to the ___
third
seventh
eighth
ninth
10¹⁸ isn't twice as big as 10⁹, it's ___
nine times bigger
eighteen times bigger
a million times bigger
a billion times bigger
Astronomers Fred Adams and Greg Laughlin wrote about very long time scales in their book, ___
The Three Stages of Space-Time
The Five Ages of the Universe
The Seven Eons of Time
The Nine Eras of the Cosmos
The first epic of the Universe, covering from the Big Bang up until the formation of stars, is called ___
the Big Bang Epoch
the First Stage
The Black Aeon
the Primordial Era
The current era, where stars are the dominant objects, is called ___
the Age of Light
the Luminous Stage
the Stelliferous Era
the Planetary Age
How long can the lowest mass red dwarf fuse hydrogen into helium?
about a thousand years
about a million years
about a billion years
about a trillion years
Near the end of the Stelliferous Era, what will happen to the light emitted by galaxies?
it will redden and dim
it will dim and be blue-shifted
it will increase in frequency
it will brighten and redden
When the last star dies, the only objects left in the universe generating appreciable energy will be ___
the corpses of stars
pulsars and black holes
active galaxies
quasars
When most objects are supported by various forms of degeneracy pressure, the Universe will appear ___
red to human eyes
blue to human eyes
ultraviolet
dark to human eyes
In the Degenerate Era, binary white dwarf orbits will decay and the stars will merge and ___
slowly burn out
create accretion disks
form black holes
explode as supernovae
During the Degenerate Era, which subatomic particle of normal matter will decay?
electrons
neutrons
protons
quarks
At the end of the Degenerate Era, the only big objects that will be left are ___
neutron stars
black holes
white dwarfs
brown dwarfs
In the 1970s, which physicist worked out the math of black holes and discovered that they can emit particles?
Neil deGrasse Tyson
Stephen Hawking
Steven Weinberg
Peter Higgs
Approximately how long will a black hole, with three times the Sun's mass, take to evaporate?
1022 (10 to the 22nd) years
1042 (10 to the 42nd) years
1068 (10 to the 68th) years
1098 (10 to the 98th) years
Even supermassive black holes in galactic centers evaporate. It takes them about ___
1062 years
1072 years
1082 years
1092 years
The theoretical model where the cosmic horizon shrinks until it’s smaller than a subatomic particle is called ___
the Hulk Crush
the Vast Split
the Big Rip
the Colossal Crunch
The term "multiverse" refers to the hypothesis that the Universe ___
has a nonlinear timeline
is composed of several layers
has multiple dimensions
is one of many Universes
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