Yes or true; the team that agrees with the resolution

Means “the state in which” or how things are now; negative defends this

The duty or responsibility to prove something; affirmative carries this

A reason for favoring their side of a proposition.

Describes the specific speeches that debaters make; each student will give two 3 minute constructive

To show that something is false or wrong

A speech that contradicts an earlier statement; each student will give 2 90 second rebuttals.

Occurs after each constructive; the person who just spoke is asked questions about their opponent.