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Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Other Sciences
7th -
9thgrade
Scientific Method 1
31 questions
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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement best describes a scientific theory?A - It is a collection of data designed to provide support for a predictionB - It is an educated guess that can be tested by experimentationC - It is a scientific fact that no longer requires any evidence to support itD - It is a general statement that is supported by many scientific observations.
- 2. Multiple ChoiceResearchers performing a well-designed experiment should base their conclusions onA - the hypothesis of the experimentB - data from repeated trials of the experimentC - a small sample size to insure a reliable outcome of the experimentD - results predicted before performing the experiment
- 3. Multiple ChoiceThe analysis of data gathered during a particular experiment is necessary in order toA - formulate a hypothesis for that experimentB - develop a research plan for that experimentC - design a control for that experimentD - draw a valid conclusion for that experiment
- 4. Multiple ChoiceA scientist is planning to carry out an experiment on the effect of heat on the function of a certain enzyme. Which would not be an appropriate first step?A - doing research in a libraryB - having discussions with other scientistsC - completing a data table of expected resultsD - using what is already known about the enzyme
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhy do scientists consider any hypothesis valuable?A - A hypothesis requires no further investigation.B - A hypothesis may lead to further investigation even if it is disproved by the experimentC - A hypothesis requires no further investigation if it is proved by the experiment.D - A hypothesis can be used to explain a conclusion even if it is disproved by the experiment.
- 6. Multiple ChoiceIn Texas, researchers gave a cholesterol-reducing drug to 2,335 people and an inactive substitute (placebo) to 2,081. Most of the volunteers were men who had normal cholesterol levels and no history of heart disease. After 5 years, 97 people getting the placebo had suffered heart attacks compared to only 57 people who had received the actual drug. The researchers are recommending that to help prevent heart attacks, all people (even those without high cholesterol) takes these cholesterol-reducing drugs. In addition to the information above, what is another piece of information that the researchers must have before support for the recommendation can be justified?A - Were eating habits of the two groups similar?B - How does a heart attack affect cholesterol levels?C - Did the heart attacks result in deaths?D - What chemical is in the placebo?
- 7. Multiple Choice"Garlic grows better as the salt concentration of the solution in which it is grown increases." Describe the control to be used in the experiment.Garlic bulb in pure waterGarlic bulb in a solution with high a salt concentrationGarlic bulb in a solution with a low salt concentrationGarlic bulb in a solution with a high glucose concentration
- 8. Multiple ChoiceA biologist reported success in breeding a tiger with a lion, producing healthy offspring. Other biologists will accept this report as fact only ifA - research shows that other animals can be crossbredB - the offspring are given a scientific nameC - the biologist included a control in the experimentD - other researchers can replicate the experiment
- 9. Multiple ChoiceThough scientists study the world from differing perspectives, what must all scientists take into account?A - universal lawsB - animal behaviorC - temperature differencesD - the importance of biology
- 10. Multiple ChoiceA student hypothesized that lettuce seeds would not sprout (germinate) unless they were exposed to darkness. The student planted 10 lettuce seeds under a layer of soil and scattered 10 lettuce seeds on top of the soil. The data collected are shown in the Data Table #9 above.One way to improve the validity of these results would be toA - conclude that darkness is necessary for lettuce seed germinationA - conclude that darkness is necessary for lettuce seed germinationC - revise the hypothesisD - repeat the experiment
- 11. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows a portion of a graduated cylinder. What is the volume of the liquid in the cylinder?A - 22 mLB - 24 mLC - 25 mLD - 26 mL
- 12. Multiple ChoiceA science researcher is reviewing another scientist's experiment and conclusion. The reviewer would most likely consider the experiment invalid ifA - the sample size produced a great deal of dataB - other individuals are able to duplicate the resultsC - it contains conclusions not explained by the evidence givenD - the hypothesis was not supported by the data obtained
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhich source would provide the most reliable information for use in a research project investigating the effects of antibiotics on disease-causing bacteria?A - the local news section of a newspaper from 1993B - a news program on national television about antigens produced by various plantsC- a current professional science journal article on the control of pathogensD - an article in a weekly news magazine about reproduction in pathogens
- 14. Multiple ChoiceA scientist is investigating a new treatment for a disease that affects thousands of people. Many people with this disease volunteer to be part of the study. Which of the following is an ethical concern that the scientist must address before conducting the study?A - The scientist must ensure that the treatment will be effective.B - The scientist must ensure that the study's results will not be shared with other scientists.C - The scientist must inform the volunteers about the potential dangers of participating in the study.D - The scientist must demonstrate that the treatment will not cause any side effects.
- 15. Multiple ChoiceA student squeezes and releases a clothespin as often as possible for 2 minutes and then takes his pulse for 20 seconds. After a 2-minute rest, he repeats the procedure. This pattern is repeated one more time. The student's 20-second pulse counts were 23, 26, and 21.
What is the pulse/minute for trail 1?60594969 - 16. Multiple ChoiceWhat additional data should the student have collected in order to determine the effect of squeezing a clothespin on his pulse rate?The size of the clothespinThe number of people who are apart of the experimentThe resting pulse rate before doing the activityThe type of activity
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement best expresses a basic scientific assumption?A - Interpretation of experimental results has provided explanations for all natural phenomena.B - If a conclusion is valid, similar investigations by other scientists should result in the same conclusion.C - For any conclusion to be valid, the design of the experiment requires that only two groups be compared.D - After a scientist formulates a conclusion based on an experiment, no further investigation is necessary.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich activity would be an appropriate first step when designing an experiment?A - reporting a conclusion based on multiple experimental traitsB - researching the problem, using information from a variety of sourcesC - creating a data table to organize experimental observationsD - repeating the experiment with a different hypothesis
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThe development of an experimental research plan should NOT include aA - list of safety precaution for the experimentB - list of equipment needed for conducting the experimentC - procedure for the use of technologies needed for the experimentD - conclusion based on data expected to be collected in the experiment
- 20. Multiple ChoiceA student observes that an organism is green. A valid conclusion that can be drawn from this observation is thatA - the organism must be a plantB - the organism cannot be a single celled organismC - the organism must be an animalD - not enough information is given to determine whether the organism is a plant or an animal.
- 21. Multiple Choice
A student measures the liquid in the graduated cylinder and determines that it is 43 ml. What is the student doing?
Make an hypothesis
Making a prediction
Making an observation
Making an inference
- 22. Multiple Choice
What is another term used to describe the independent variable?
Responding variable
Manipulated variable
Control variable
Constant variable
- 23. Multiple Choice
When conducting an experiment, why do we analyze our data?
To form a question to investigate
To draw a valid conclusion for that experiment
To design the experiment
To create a hypothesis
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the most accurate representation of the order that an experiment should be conducted?
1.Hypothesis 2.Question 3. Analyze data 4. Formulate conclusion
1.Question 2. Gather materials 3. Test the hypothesis 4. Formulate a conclusion
1.Gather materials 2. Analyze data 3. Hypothesis 4. Question
1.Analyze data 2. Hypothesis 3. Question 4. Gather materials
- 25. Multiple Choice
In experiment that determines the effect of exercise on heart rate , what is the control group?
The group that exercises
The group that drinks water
The group that does not exercise
The group that tracks the time it takes to exercise
- 26. Multiple Choice
Identify the statement below that best describes an observation that supports the fact that the student's heart range was above their normal rate which 115 beats per minute.
The student was tired after exercising
The student was sweating after exercising
The student was sitting down after exercising
The student measured their heart at 125 beats per minute after exercising
- 27. Multiple Choice
Identify the observation below that shows an object is being burnt and that it is going through a chemical change.
The object changes shape
The object melts
The object changes color and turns into something new
The object begins to bubble
- 28. Multiple Choice
In an experiment to find out the effects of sunlight on a plant's growth the experimenter completes the following steps. They allow one plant to get sunlight for 2 hours a day. Another plant receives 4 hours of sunlight, and the last plant receives 8 hours of sunlight. What is the independent variable?
The growth of the plant
The amount of sunlight
The amount of water
The experimenter
- 29. Multiple Choice
In an experiment to find out the effects of sunlight on a plant's growth the experimenter completes the following steps. They allow one plant to get sunlight for 2 hours a day. Another plant receives 4 hours of sunlight, and the last plant receives 8 hours of sunlight. What is the dependent variable?
The growth of the plant
The amount of water
The amount of sunlight
The experimenter
- 30. Multiple Choice
In order to compare the effects that different types of liquid on plant growth the following experiment was conducted. One plant received water, another plant received milk, and the third plant was given orange juice. What would be the control in this investigation?
The plant that gets the orange juice
The plant that receives the water
The plant that receives the milk
The plant that receives the soda
- 31. Multiple Choice
What is the purpose of a graph in a lab report?
To accurately represent the data
To observe the patterns or trends that are seen in the data
To reduce errors in the investigation
To create data not seen in the data table
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