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- 1. Multiple ChoicePsychology isthe study of human origins, evolution, and cultures.the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of any living creature.a natural science integrating physiology and neurology.the deductive study of forms and functions of human groups.
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe kind of therapy developed by Freud is calledGestalt therapy.PsychoanalysisBehavior modificationS-R therapy.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceThe key idea in the behavioristic view is thatbehavior is shaped and controlled by one's environmentbehavior is the result of clashing forces with the personalitybehavior can be understood in terms of the mental processing of informationenvironment plays a very small role in controlling one's behavior
- 4. Multiple ChoiceYou see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. She talks to you about the goals you have for yourself, about your image of yourself, and about the choices you make in your life and that you could be making in your life. This psychologist would probably belong to the __________ school of psychology.HumanisticPsychodynamicBehavioristicGestalt
- 5. Multiple Choice__________ psychology is concerned with thinking, language, and problem solving.BehavioristicPsychoanalyticCognitiveHumanistic
- 6. Multiple ChoiceBiopsychologistslimit the scope of their study to animals.are concerned with self-actualization and free will.stress the unconscious aspect of behavior.attempt to explain behavior in terms of biological or physical mechanisms.
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of observation involves an individual writing their thoughts and feelings down (consciousness)?Peer ObservationsIntrospectionObservationsStructuralism
- 8. Multiple ChoiceJohnny is part of a study designed to test the ability of a pill to cure the migraines of people who experience chronic migraines. After a few days, Johnny finds that the pill has alleviated his migraines and he experiences far fewer than usual. However, unbeknownst to Johnny, the pill he has been taking is nothing more than a sugar pill. What effect is Johnny most likely under the influence of?The Stratified EffectThe Self-Bias EffectThe Placebo EffectThe Psychoanalytic Effect
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following would not be a naturalistic observation?Observing a Grizzly Bear in the forest.Observing Michael Jordan on a basketball court.Observing a lion at the zoo.Observing Tom Hanks on the set of a movie.
- 10. Multiple ChoiceAsking individuals a fixed set of questions is called a what?Case StudySurveyObservationIntrospective Analysis
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat is it called when data is collected from groups of participants that vary in age, so that they can be compared?Longitudinal Studies.Cross-Sectional Studies.Latitudinal Studies.Introspective Studies.
- 12. Multiple Choice
What type of correlation is shown by the graph?Positive CorrelationNegative CorrelationDouble CorrelationNo Correlation - 13. Multiple ChoiceWhich pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, and helped pave the way for Psychology?PhrenologyAstrologyPsychoanalysisNumerology
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich goal of psychology involves developing hypotheses and theories?DescriptionExplanationPredictionInfluence
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following statements is true of behaviorism?It was formulated to account for cognitive development.It is rooted in Sigmund Freud's view of the importance of early experiences.It holds that development is largely a product of learning.It emphasizes the dominance of heredity over environment.
- 16. Multiple ChoiceOf the following, who is associated with the Gestalt school of psychology?Ivan PavlovB. F. SkinnerMax WertheimerJohn Watson
- 17. Multiple ChoiceThe whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is represented by which of the following?the Gestalt psychologists.the behaviorists.the structuralists.the functionalists.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceThe goals of psychology are todevelop effective methods of psychotherapy.describe, predict, explain and control behavior.explain the functioning of the human mind.compare, analyze, and control human behavior.
- 19. Multiple ChoiceFreud believed that all thoughts and actions are determined bythe first year of life.forces in the personality that are often unconscious.needs for love and self-esteem.the drive for self-actualization
- 20. Multiple ChoiceHillary is applying conditioning principles(rewards and punishments) to teach language skills to little children. As a psychologist, her point of view appears to beFreudian.Gestalt.Functionalist.behaviorist.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceOf the following, who was a structuralist?B. F SkinnerJohn WatsonWilhelm WundtWilliam James
- 22. Multiple ChoiceOf the following, who was a functionalist?B. F SkinnerJohn WatsonWilhelm WundtWilliam James
- 23. Multiple ChoiceOf the following, who was a behaviorist?B. F SkinnerJohn WilliamsWilhelm WundtWilliam James
- 24. Multiple ChoicePsychiatrists differ from psychologists in that psychiatristsare physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapyare extensively trained in the theories and techniques of Sigmund Freudare generally more eclectic than psychologisthave a Masters or Ph.D. degree with special training in psychological theory and research methods.
- 25. Multiple ChoiceDevelopmental psychologists study the effects of __________ on behavior.marketinglearning disabilitiesagingrobotics
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhat Historical Approach involves studying the basic elements or purpose of human experience?StructuralismFunctionalismInheritable TraitsGestalt Psychology
- 27. Multiple ChoiceStrict behaviorists were criticized for overlooking the role that __________ plays in our lives.rewardthinkingpunishmentstimuli
- 28. Multiple ChoiceYou see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. The psychologist talks to you about your past and attempts to link your present situation with patterns developed in your childhood during your relationship with your parents. The psychologist would probably belong to which school of psychology?humanistic psychologypsychodynamic psychologyBehaviorismGestalt psychology
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWho "perfected" the lobotomy by entering through the eye orbit?John WatsonWalter FreemanErnest MunozB. F. Skinner
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the study of the bumps and valleys of the skull?PhrenologyAstrologyLobotomyTrephination
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhat do we call drilling a hole in the skull to release evil spirits?PhrenologyLobotomyTrephinationPhilosophy
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWho discussed the cause of mental illness being the 4 humors?AristotlePlatoHippocratesCopernicus
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWilhelm Wundt's technique of introspection led to psychology's use ofExperimentationthe scientific methodanalysisthe cognitive model
- 34. Multiple ChoiceSigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device fordecreasing repressionstrengthening the superegodisplacing instinctual forcesgaining insight into unconscious motives
- 35. Multiple ChoiceA practitioner who is intensively trained in the theories of Freud and treats patients by talking to them is probably aPsychiatrist.Clinical psychologist.Psychoanalyst.Counseling psychologist.
- 36. Multiple ChoiceA social scientist who characterizes his/her work as the study of the relationship between environmental events and the behavior they produce without regard for experience or consciousness is aFunctionalist.Structuralist.Gestalt psychologist.Behaviorist.
- 37. Multiple ChoiceAn experiment where neither the participants nor the experimenter know who has received the treatment, until the experiment has concluded, is known as what?Random ExperimentSingle-blind ExperimentStratified ExperimentDouble-blind Experiment
- 38. Multiple Choicemethod for indirectly studying unconscious feelings in which the patient said everything that comes to mind without attempting to produce logical meaningconfirmation biasfree associationassimilationaccommodation
- 39. Multiple Choicea psychologist who studies the actions of the conscious mind and the goals or purposes of behaviorsstructuralistfunctionalistbehavioristpsychoanalytic
- 40. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the main purpose of research for psychologists?to put an end to psychological theorizingto find the "one great truth" about psychologyallows them to gain tenure at their universityto collect facts and data to support their theories
- 41. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of psychological provider can prescribe medication?clinical psychologistcounseling psychologistpsychiatristboth clinical psychologist and psychiatrist
- 42. Multiple ChoiceWhat method were structuralists using when they asked study participants to describe aspects of their conscious awareness and experience in detail?hypnosispsychoanalysisintrospectionfunctionalism
- 43. Multiple ChoiceWhich research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening in any way?case studynaturalistic observationexperimentcorrelational study
- 44. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is not a main goal of psychology?DescriptionExplanationPredictionDiagnosis
- 45. Multiple ChoiceThe theory based on Freud's ideas was...MemoriesPsychoanalysisPsychologyTherapy
- 46. Multiple ChoiceHuman and animal behavior is seen as a direct result of events in the body is which perspectivePsychodynamicCognitiveStructuralBiopsychological
- 47. Multiple ChoiceRecommends shifting the focus of psychology away from the negative to a more positive focus...Clinical PsychologyPositive PsychologyCounselingTherapy
- 48. Multiple ChoiceConcerned with the relationships between people and their work environmentsUnionsIndustrial/Organizational PsychologySocial PsychologyDevelopmental Psychology
- 49. Multiple ChoiceA nonactive substance or condition used to see if the actual drug or condition has any effect beyond expectations is called:a placebo.an experimental group.replication.the double-blind procedure.
- 50. Multiple ChoiceThe difference between the experimental group and the control group is defined by the presence of the:confounding variabledependent variable.independent variable.sample group.
- 51. Multiple ChoiceWhich research design is focused on gathering information about self-reported perceptions or attitudes through questionnaires?survey methodcorrelational studynaturalistic observationcase study
- 52. Multiple ChoiceIf psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are:causally related.dependent variables.independent variables.negatively correlated.
- 53. Multiple ChoiceCorrelational studies differ from experiments in that correlational studies:don't prove cause and effect relationships exist as experiments do.have a larger sample size than experiments.use random assignment and experiments do not.allow researchers to manipulate variables while experiments do not.
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