Panama Canal

Amazon River

Andes Mountains

Yucatan Peninsula

The exploitation of workers in the capitalist system.

The role of religion in society.

The influence of ancient Greek philosophy.

The impact of the Enlightenment on modern thought.

They facilitated England's integration with European markets.

They attracted a large number of foreign laborers to England.

They offered an economical means to move goods and resources within England.

They enabled England to rival the technological advancements of Europe.

Economic inequality is the primary source of societal issues.

The government's main function is to safeguard individual wealth.

Religious and national identities are essential for social cohesion.

Nationalism and religion are the main drivers of international disputes.

The Scientific Revolution

The Renaissance Reformation

The Enlightenment Restoration

The Industrial Revolution

Inventions such as the steam engine, textile machinery, and iron production techniques increased efficiency.

The exploitation of natural resources, including coal, iron, and cotton, provided the necessary inputs for development.

They lobbied the government to import foreign workers.

They enhanced workplace conditions and adopted fairer labor practices.

They employed children to fill the labor gap.

They offered higher wages to attract more workers.

European nations pursued imperialistic policies.

European nations embraced isolationist policies.

European governments enacted democratic reforms.

European governments adopted communist reforms.

the social trend to learn about the cultures of other people

the industrial demand for cheaper sources of raw materials

the technological desire to share inventive ideas with other countries

the isolationist attitude to remain separate from international conflicts

The Causes and Effects of Manufacturing

The Causes and Effects of European Imperialism

The Causes and Effects of Pollution

The Causes and Effects of Free Enterprise