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42 questions
Identify the attribute refinements of a system's performance. Select the 2 correct answers.
Throughput
Latency
Maintenance Downtime
Boot Time
Simplicity
Guidelines such as 'the system should be easy and intuitive to learn,' 'the system should minimize user errors,' and 'the system should make it easy for users to complete tasks' fall under which category of quality attribute?
Usability
Intuitiveness
Complexity
Astonishment
Calum is leading a team of developers and would like to promote conceptual integrity. Which of these is NOT a way he could promote conceptual integrity?
Establish conventions, such as structural rules or naming conventions
Adopt good documentation practices
Split the development team into subteams for each component of the architecture
Do regular code reviews with the development team
Have a look at this diagram of a quality attribute scenario:
Q4 - is a condition that will cause the system to respond. What is this called?
perturbation
request
error
stimulus
Let's look at the same diagram of a quality attribute scenario:
[Q5] is the part of the system affected by the stimulus. What is this called?
artifact
context
process
component
Which of these could be considered under the environment in a quality attribute scenario?
Send error to external system
Internal subsystems
Unrecognized system request
Recovering from error
Who are the three main groups of people involved in the architecture tradeoff analysis method?
Evaluation team, outsiders, project team
Clients, designers, stakeholders
Peers, outsiders, designers
Evaluation team, project decision-makers, architecture stakeholders.
Leon is analyzing the architecture and notices that under conditions of high numbers of users signing on at the same time, there is a potential that one of the architecturally significant requirements (ASRs) will not be met. What is this called?
Utility shortfall
Risk scenario
Tradeoff
Non-risk scenario
Maddie's software team is split into two subteams working on two different components that work together. These teams share one large room and are in constant contact. According to Conway's Law, what could happen if Maddie does not physically separate the two subteams?
The components they produce will be very tightly coupled.
They will not leave sufficient comments, thinking that the other team already knows the relevant details
Their components will repeat code unnecessarily
The component interfaces will not be reusable
This is one of the styles of implementing variations. What is it called?
replacement
composition
composition
adaptation
Which of these is NOT a typical advantage of developing a product line?
Consistency over the product line
Reducing time-to-market of later products
Overall cost reduction
Greatly reduced up-front development
Andy is planning the development of a product line of eBook readers, and he has to categorize the components that will be handled by each team. There is one product in the line which has a backlight for reading during the night. In the development process, where would you categorize this feature?
One-Off
Commonality
Variation
Product-Specific
Which of these views show the functional design of the software, usually in the form of objects and the relationships between them?
Process View
Development View
Physical View
Logical View
Which of these UML diagrams are likely to be part of the process view? Select two correct answers.
Activity Diagram
Sequence Diagram
State Diagram
Class Diagram
To which view would the Package Diagram belong? Remember that a package diagram shows the packages that make up a software and how they are related.
Physical View
Development View
Logical View
Process View
Which of these statements about Component Diagrams is true?
They clarify dependency relationships
They give a dynamic view of the system
They are useful for clarifying the artifacts that will be produced from development
They do not show third-party libraries
Which of these Package Diagrams is invalid?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which of these will you NOT find in a deployment diagram?
Component
Execution Environment
Library
Artifact
Class
Which of these diagrams correctly shows a component?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which of these does NOT belong on an activity diagram?
a)
b)
c)
d)
What is an artifact?
An unintended effect that the software has on the device
A part of a device that is nonetheless important to depict on the deployment diagram, like a hard drive
Part of the development process that is important to the developers but not the end-users
A physical realization of a software component
What is an abstract data type?
A data type that dynamically allows the storage of different primitives
A data schema that is defined by the developer
A data type that is not actually storing data; instead, it is used to define interfaces
An interface that defines how to store data in a class
Which of these are advantages of the main program and subroutine architectural style? Select two correct answers.
Easily mapped to all kinds of real-world problem spaces
Abstract data types are easy to define and extend
Promotes function modularity and reuse
Efficient for computation-focused problems
Which of these accurately represents basic Database Architecture?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Select the one accurate statement about layered architecture:
Enforcing communication only between adjacent layers and within a layer is key to good, layered architecture
Layered architecture is often based on layers of abstraction
Passthrough should be avoided at all costs
Upper layers act as service providers to lower layers
What is the correct term for a machine that hosts a server?
Server-machine
Server-tier
Called by type: e.g. print server or media server
Server-host
Some programs allow users to record a sequence of inputs - for example, keyboard and mouse inputs - to run later. What are these called?
Macros
User recorders
Input listeners
Scripts
Data Flow Architecture is also called...
Cascade Architecture
Pipe and Filter Architecture
Data Transformation Architecture
Black Box Architecture
Which of these is NOT a common component of event-driven architectures?
Event consumer
Event processor
Event bus
Event generator
Which type of process control that we discussed is typically needed for complex systems?
MAPE-K
Feedforward Control + Feedback Control
Machine Learning
Feedforward Control
Which of these is a drawback of n-Tier architecture?
Every tier demands extra resources to manage the client/server relationships
Only asynchronous messaging is possible, leading to challenging development decisions
Limited in scale
More hardware nodes are necessary
Which of these is NOT an example of Interpreter type architecture?
Excel formulas
Java Virtual Machine
The kernel of an operating system
Scripting and Mac
Which of these terms matches this definition: 'The amount of time the system is operational over a set period of time'?
Performance
Availability
Usability
Interoperability
Which of these quality attributes is most important from the developer's perspective?
Flexibility
Security
Availability
Usability
Could be described as: 'how the artifact will behave as a result of receiving a stimulus.' What is this called?
response measure
environment
response
output
could be described as: “the mode of the system when it receives a stimulus.” What is this called?
approach
scenario
context
environment
General quality attributes like performance and security have more specific components like throughput and latency for performance. What are these called?
Attribute Refinement
Architecturally Significant Requirements
Architecture Specifications
Sensitivity Points
Which strategy is NOT part of delivering a high-quality system?
Treat all quality attributes as equally important
Adopt good documentation practices
Set rules for design and implementation
Involve all stakeholders in design
True or False: You should focus on situations that are outside the normal execution path when building a quality attribute scenario.
True
False
Maintenance Downtime is an attribute refinement of what quality attribute?
Maintainability
Conceptual Integrity
Availability
Performance
Eliza is planning a product line of media boxes. Some of these will connect to traditional television lines, whereas others will only have internet media like video-streaming services. What is this type of difference between products called?
Extension
Adaptation
Product-Specifics
Variation
Mozilla Firefox and other browsers have ecosystems of add-ons for their browsers that add functionality, for example by blocking ads or providing tools for online shopping. What is this style of variation called?
Replacement
Extension
Adaptation
Reference Architecture
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