No student devices needed. Know more
27 questions
The gold standard for detecting cancer/ most specific test for cancer
antigens/ markers that are normally found in fetus but usually decrease concentration after birth
Oncofetal antigens
Oncofetus antigens
Oncofetal antibody
Oncofetus antibody
* Localized primary tissues
* Enclosed in a epithelial tissue
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
* invasion of primary tumor through epithelium and into the blood vessels
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
* most of tumor/cancer cells travel through the lymphatic system
* migration of tumor into regional lymph nodes; will eventually travel through the lymphatic system
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
* metastasis and invasion of tumor to distant tissues
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
* Oncofetal antigen
* Often associated with Colorectal Cancer
* May serve as marker for pancreatic, lung, breast and ovarian cancer
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Alpha fetoprotein
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* Oncofetal protein (peaks at 20-30 weeks of pregnancy)
* Hepatocellular Carcinoma
* May also be a marker for teratoblastoma, testicular and ovarian cancer
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Alpha fetoprotein
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* marker for PROSTATIC CARCINOMA
* higher sensitivity in diagnosis
* better of tested together with PAP (prostatic acid phosphatase)
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Alpha fetoprotein
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
*AKA Carbohydrate antigens
* Adenocarcinoma of the Ovary or fallopian tube
* Not a definitive marker for cancer; only for monitoring
* Also present in lungs and GIT
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Alpha fetoprotein
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* Monoclonal antibodies 115D8 and DF3
* Associated with Breast Cancer
* May also be elevated in lung cancer
Bence Jones Protein
Cancer Antigen 19-9
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* Markers for Multiple Myeloma
* Precipitates at 60°C and dissolves at 100°C
Bence Jones Protein
Cancer Antigen 19-9
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* A mucin glycoprotein which is identical to Lewis's blood group antigen
* Associated with Pancreatic cancer
* CEA is more efficient marker in detection of pancreatic carcinoma
Bence Jones Protein
Cancer Antigen 19-9
Prostate specific antigen
Cancer antigen 125
Cancer antigen 15-3
* Not really a marker of cancer but are elevated after chemotherapy due to lysis of cells -> lyse of nucleus which contains nucleic acid -> uric acid formation
Uric acid
Bilirubin
AST and ALP
Amylase and Lipase
CK and LD
* Marker for liver cancer or any liver-related
* Cancer of biliary tree
Uric acid
Bilirubin
AST and ALP
Amylase and Lipase
CK and LD
* Aside from liver cirrhosis, this may also serve as a marker for liver cancer
Uric acid
Bilirubin
AST and ALP
Amylase and Lipase
CK and LD
* ELevates together with 19- 9 And CEA n pancreatic cancer
Uric acid
Bilirubin
AST and ALP
Amylase and Lipase
CK and LD
*Widely distributed; expet that if there are cancers in some organs, CK and LD will also be elevated depending on the organ of origin of tumor
Uric acid
Bilirubin
AST and ALP
Amylase and Lipase
CK and LD
o Can be associated with coriocarcinoma or uterine cancer, testicular cancer and even any benign masses (Hyaditiform mole)
Human Chorionic Gonadotropun
Cerebellar hemagiobalastoma
Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Inappropriate Secretion of ADH
o INCREASED production Hematopoietin which may result to polycythemia
Human Chorionic Gonadotropun
Cerebellar hemagiobalastoma
Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Inappropriate Secretion of ADH
o Calcitonin
Human Chorionic Gonadotropun
Cerebellar hemagiobalastoma
Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Inappropriate Secretion of ADH
o Thyroglobulin
o May result to Water and electrolyte imbalance
o Small cell carcinoma of the lungs (ectopic tumor in lungs)
Human Chorionic Gonadotropun
Cerebellar hemagiobalastoma
Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Inappropriate Secretion of ADH
leukemia and lymphoma
K-ras
N-myc
B lym-1
C-met
C-myc
neuroblastoma
K-ras
N-myc
B lym-1
C-met
C-myc
lymphoma
K-ras
N-myc
B lym-1
C-met
C-myc
osteosarcoma
K-ras
N-myc
B lym-1
C-met
C-myc
lung cancer
K-ras
N-myc
B lym-1
C-met
C-myc
Explore all questions with a free account