Isolated scientists contributed pieces of the cell theory to form the whole.

Improvements in technology are closely related to changes in the cell theory.

Progress on the cell theory was delayed by a lack of technological progress.

Scientists needed to focus less on cells and more on microscope development.

Eukaryotes have a cell wall, while prokaryotes have a cell membrane.

Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes have few specialized structures.

Eukaryotes use active transport to move substances across the cell membrane, while prokaryotes use facilitated diffusion.

Eukaryotes use flagella to move themselves through substances, while prokaryotes are not able to move.

Animal cells contain cell walls and a large central vacuole while plant cells contain cell membranes and many small vacuoles.

Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts, cell walls, or a large central vacuole while plant cells do.

Plant cells contain rough endoplasmic reticulum and a Golgi apparatus while animal cells contain smooth endoplasmic reticulum surrounded by lysosomes.

Plant cells have rigid cell walls and do not contain mitochondria or ribosomes while animal cells do.

One parent must have had only blue-eyed parents.

Mutations after fertilization could alter gene sequences and change alleles.

Eye color is a sex-linked trait and male children could have only the allele for blue eyes.

Each parent must be carrying the recessive allele for blue eyes.

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Both parent plants are heterozygous for flower color.

Both parent plants were homozygous with purple flowers.

One parent plant had white flowers and the other was heterozygous for flower color.

One parent plant was heterozygous for flower color and the other was homozygous with purple flowers.

Only mRNA can be used to repair mistakes in the DNA sequence.

Only tRNA bends into a shape that can carry specific amino acids

The tRNA in used on the ribosomes and the mRNA is used in the nucleus

The mRNA brings information to the nucleus for the tRNA to use.

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Cells having the new DNA version will look or operate differently from cells with the original DNA.

Only the sections of DNA without mistakes will be used in the future so the DNA strand will shorten.

The DNA will be exactly like the original since only the original strand of DNA is used as a template

When the new strand is used as a template the strand built from it will differ from the original DNA.

Both are made up of monosaccharide monomers, but lipids are hydrophobic and carbohydrates are hydrophilic.

Both consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but carbohydrates have repeating structural units and lipids do not.

Both contain carbon and hydrogen, but carbohydrates also contain oxygen and lipids contain nitrogen.

Both have a carbon backbone, but lipids also have an amino group and carbohydrates have a carboxylic acid group.

Nucleic acids are used as the building blocks of proteins, while enzymes are used as the building blocks of phospholipids.

Nucleic acids inhibit biochemical reactions, while enzymes provide structural support in cells.

Nucleic acids contain the genetic code for protein synthesis, while enzymes catalyze chemical reactions.

Nucleic acids transmit signals that begin biochemical processes, while enzymes convert carbohydrates into lipids and proteins.

The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction.

The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all.

The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell.

The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed.

Active transport

Passive transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Co-transport

ribosome - protein synthesis

mitochondrion - movement

vacuole - cell division

nucleus - storage of nutrients

The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes.

The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart

The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70 °C.

The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70 °C.

a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring.

a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule

a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycero

a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a sugar phosphate backbone

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the reaction

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the product.

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it decreases the activation energy of the reaction.

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it does not affect the activation energy of the

reaction

two stages of cell division

replication of cellular genetic material

daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell

sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires

only one parent

asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires

only one parent

mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction

asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms

Zygote → Blastocyst → Embryo → Fertilization

Fertilization → Zygote → Blastocyst → Embryo

Blastocyst → Embryo → Differentiation → Zygote

Fertilization → Growth → Differentiation → Zygote

Cell differentiation to form a blastula

Formation of germ layers in a deuterostome

A sperm joining an egg to form a zygote

Sperm and egg production

yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because a new amino acid will be coded

for

yes, the phenotype of the organism would change because any change in the DNA

sequence will cause a change in phenotype.

Even though the DNA sequence changed, the sequence still codes for the

same amino acid, so no change in phenotype will occur

It is impossible to determine if a change in phenotype will occur using only the

DNA sequence.