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Computers
9th
grade
Data Unit (Lossy vs Lossless, Binary, Overflow, Roundoff)
23 questions
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- 1. Multiple Choice
A certain programming language uses 4-bit binary sequences to represent nonnegative integers. For example, the binary sequence 0101 represents the corresponding decimal value 5. Using this programming language, a programmer attempts to add the decimal values 14 and 15 and assign the sum to the variable total. Which of the following best describes the result of this operation?
The correct sum of 29 will be assigned to the variable total.
An overflow error will occur because 4 bits is not large enough to represent either of the values 14 or 15.
An overflow error will occur because 4 bits is not large enough to represent 29, the sum of 14 and 15.
A round-off error will occur because the decimal values 14 and 15 are represented as approximations due to the fixed number of bits used to represent numbers.
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an advantage of a lossless compression algorithm over a lossy compression algorithm?
A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee that compressed information is kept secure, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot.
A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee reconstruction of original data, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot.
A lossless compression algorithm typically allows for faster transmission speeds than does a lossy compression algorithm.
A lossless compression algorithm typically provides a greater reduction in the number of bits stored or transmitted than does a lossy compression algorithm.
- 3. Multiple Choice
ASCII is a character-encoding scheme that uses 7 bits to represent each character. The decimal (base 10) values 65 through 90 represent the capital letters A through Z, as shown in the table below.
What ASCII character is represented by the binary (base 2) number 1001010 ?
H
I
J
K
- 4. Multiple Choice
An online store uses 6-bit binary sequences to identify each unique item for sale. The store plans to increase the number of items it sells and is considering using 7-bit binary sequences. Which of the following best describes the result of using 7-bit sequences instead of 6-bit sequences?
2 more items can be uniquely identified.
10 more items can be uniquely identified.
2 times as many items can be uniquely identified.
10 times as many items can be uniquely identified.
- 5. Multiple Choice
A video game character can face toward one of four directions: north, south, east, and west. Each direction is stored in memory as a sequence of four bits. A new version of the game is created in which the character can face toward one of eight directions, adding northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast to the original four possibilities. Which of the following statements is true about how the eight directions must be stored in memory?
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Five bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Eight bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Sixteen bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are enough to store the eight directions.
- 6. Multiple Choice
When two positive integers are added together, it results in an overflow error. Which of the following best explains why an overflow error occurs?
The program attempted to perform an operation that is considered an undecidable problem.
The precision of the result is limited due to the constraints of using a floating-point representation.
The program can only use a fixed number of bits to represent integers; the computed sum is greater than the maximum representable value.
The program cannot represent integers; the integers are converted into decimal approximations, leading to rounding errors.
- 7. Multiple Choice
A user wants to save a data file on an online storage site. The user wants to reduce the size of the file, if possible, and wants to be able to completely restore the file to its original version. Which of the following actions best supports the user’s needs?
Compressing the file using a lossless compression algorithm before uploading it
Compressing the file using a lossy compression algorithm before uploading it
Compressing the file using both lossy and lossless compression algorithms before uploading it
Uploading the original file without using any compression algorithm
- 8. Multiple Choice
The player controls in a particular video game are represented by numbers. The controls and their corresponding binary values are shown in the following table. What control can be represented by the decimal value 25?
Jump
Run
Pause
Reset
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a true statement about data compression?
Data compression is only useful for files being transmitted over the Internet.
Regardless of the compression technique used, once a data file is compressed, it cannot be restored to its original state.
Sending a compressed version of a file ensures that the contents of the file cannot be intercepted by an unauthorized user.
There are trade-offs involved in choosing a compression technique for storing and transmitting data.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which of the following are true statements about the data that can be represented using binary sequences?
I. Binary sequences can be used to represent strings of characters.
II. Binary sequences can be used to represent colors.
III. Binary sequences can be used to represent audio recordings.
I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
- 11. Multiple Choice
Consider the 4-bit binary numbers 0011, 0110, and 1111. Which of the following decimal values is NOT equal to one of these binary numbers?
3
6
9
15
- 12. Multiple Choice
A binary number is to be transformed by appending three 0s to the end of the number. For example, 111 is transformed to 111000. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the transformed number and the original number?
The transformed number is 3 times the value of the original number.
The transformed number is 4 times the value of the original number.
The transformed number is 8 times the value of the original number.
The transformed number is 1,000 times the value of the original number.
- 13. Multiple Choice
A wedding videographer is planning to save digital video files for archival purposes. The videographer would like to be able to access full-quality videos if they are needed for future projects. Which of the following actions is LEAST likely to support the videographer’s goal?
Using video file formats that conform to published standards and are supported across many different devices
Using lossy compression software to reduce the size requirements of the data being stored
Using storage media that can be expanded for additional data capacity
Using a system that incorporates redundancy to handle disk failure
- 14. Multiple Choice
Each student that enrolls at a school is assigned a unique ID number, which is stored as a binary number. The ID numbers increase sequentially by 1 with each newly enrolled student. If the ID number assigned to the last student who enrolled was the binary number 1001 0011, what binary number will be assigned to the next student who enrolls?
1001 0100
1001 0111
1101 0100
1101 0111
- 15. Multiple Choice
Consider the following numeric values.
Binary 1011
Binary 1101
Decimal 5
Decimal 12
Which of the following lists the values in order from least to greatest?
Decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101
Decimal 5, decimal 12, binary 1011, binary 1101
Decimal 5, binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 12
Binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 5, decimal 12
- 16. Multiple Choice
A computer program performs the operation 4 / 6 and represents the result as the value 0.6666667. Which of the following best explains this result?
An overflow error occurred.
The precision of the result is limited due to the constraints of using a floating-point representation.
The program attempted to execute the operation with the arguments in reverse order.
The program attempted to represent a floating-point number as an integer.
- 17. Multiple Choice
A student is recording a song on her computer. When the recording is finished, she saves a copy on her computer. The student notices that the saved copy is of lower sound quality than the original recording. Which of the following could be a possible explanation for the difference in sound quality?
The song was saved using fewer bits per second than the original song.
The song was saved using more bits per second than the original song.
The song was saved using a lossless compression technique.
Some information is lost every time a file is saved from one location on a computer to another location.
- 18. Multiple Choice
A programmer is developing software for a social media platform. The programmer is planning to use compression when users send attachments to other users. Which of the following is a true statement about the use of compression?
Lossless compression of video files will generally save more space than lossy compression of video files.
Lossless compression of an image file will generally result in a file that is equal in size to the original file.
Lossy compression of an image file generally provides a greater reduction in transmission time than lossless compression does.
Sound clips compressed with lossy compression for storage on the platform can be restored to their original quality when they are played.
- 19. Multiple Choice
A program developed for a shopping app represents shopping cart totals using a format that approximates real numbers. When testing the program, a software developer discovers that some values appear to be mathematically imprecise. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the imprecision?
The shopping cart total is represented using a fixed number of bits, resulting in overflow errors.
The shopping cart total is represented using a fixed number of bits, resulting in round-off errors.
The shopping cart total is represented using an unlimited number of bits, resulting in overflow errors.
The shopping cart total is represented using an unlimited number of bits, resulting in round-off errors.
- 20. Multiple Choice
A programmer is developing software for a social media platform. The programmer is planning to use compression when users send attachments to other users. Which of the following is a true statement about the use of compression?
Lossless compression of video files will generally save more space than lossy compression of video files.
Lossless compression of an image file will generally result in a file that is equal in size to the original file.
Lossy compression of an image file generally provides a greater reduction in transmission time than lossless compression does.
Sound clips compressed with lossy compression for storage on the platform can be restored to their original quality when they are played.
- 21. Multiple Choice
An teacher uses an application to assign work to his students. The application uses a binary sequence to represent each of 100 students. What is the minimum number of bits needed to assign a unique bit sequence to each student?
5
6
7
8
- 22. Multiple Choice
A computer program uses 4 bits to represent nonnegative integers. What occurs when the program tries to do the operation 7 + 10?
The program will result in an overflow error
The program will result in a roundoff error
The program will be able to compute and represent the result accurately
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which of the following can be represented by a single binary digit?
Select two answers.
The position of the minute hand of a clock
The remainder when dividing a whole number by 2
The value of a Boolean variable
The volume of a car radio
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