New nations were based on old tribal boundaries

The cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people were ignored

The continent was divided equally among colonial powers

African unity was encouraged

Pan-African movement

African Nationalist movement

Apartheid

Artificial political borders

Europeans were tired of wars 

European cities were overcrowded 

Europeans wanted to gain power and wealth by obtaining land, gold,  and natural resources 

Africans wanted to gain power and wealth by obtaining land, gold,  and natural resources

Countries from Asia participated in the conference, leading to many cultural clashes between colonizing powers.

The Europeans created new trade barriers between Africa and Europe, which caused the African economy to decline.

Some African countries were represented at the conference, which caused other African countries to resent them.

The Europeans ignored existing borders, cultural differences, and historical conflicts when they created new boundaries.

Partitioning 

Pan- Africanism  

Apartheid

Nationalism

The Impact of the Pan-Africanism 

The Impact of European Partitioning 

The Impact of European Infrastructure 

The Impact of African Places of Business