Freshman Physics Final Exam

Assessment

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Gene Yates

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Hard

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80 questions

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Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

friction

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Answer explanation

The force that acts to resist the relative motion of objects or materials that are in contact.

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30 sec

1 pt

inertia

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Answer explanation

The property of any body to resist changes in its state of motion. Mass is the measure of inertia.

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30 sec

1 pt

Newton's first law

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Answer explanation

See of law of inertia.

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30 sec

1 pt

law of inertia

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Answer explanation

Every body continue is its state of rest,or of motion in a strait line at constant speed, unless acted upon by a nonzero force. Also known as Newton`s first law.

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30 sec

1 pt

kilograms

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Answer explanation

The fundamental SI unit of mass. One kilogram is the amount of mass is one liter of water at 4 degrees C.See Appendix A.

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30 sec

1 pt

mass

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Answer explanation

A measure of an object`s inertia ;also a measure of the amount of matter in an object.Depends only on the amount of and kind of particles that compose an object not on it`s location.

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30 sec

1 pt

weight

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Answer explanation

The force on a body due to the gravitational attraction of another body.

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30 sec

1 pt

newton

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Answer explanation

SI unit of force. One newton is the force applied to one-kilogram mass that will produce an acceleration of one meter per second per second.

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30 sec

1 pt

inversely

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Answer explanation

When two values change directions, so that if one increases the other decrease.

10.

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Newton's second law

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Answer explanation

The acceleration produced by a net on a body is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force,and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

11.

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30 sec

1 pt

Free body diagram

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Answer explanation

a diagram showing all the forces acting on an objet

12.

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30 sec

1 pt

Newton's third law

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Answer explanation

whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first

13.

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30 sec

1 pt

momentum

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Answer explanation

the product of the mass and the velocity of an object. has magnitude and direction. also called linear momentum

14.

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30 sec

1 pt

impulse

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Answer explanation

product of force and time interval during which force acts. Impulse equals momentum change

15.

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1 pt

work

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Answer explanation

the product of the force on an object and the distance through which the object is moved; measured in joules

16.

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30 sec

1 pt

joule

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Answer explanation

the SI unit of work and of all other forms of energy. One joule of work is done when a force of one newton is exerted on an object moved one meter in the direction of the force

17.

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30 sec

1 pt

power

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Answer explanation

Rate at which work is done or energy is transformed, equal to the work done or energy transformed divided by time; measured in watts

18.

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30 sec

1 pt

watt

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Answer explanation

the SI unit of power. One watt is expended when one joule of work is done in one second

19.

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30 sec

1 pt

energy

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Answer explanation

the property of an object or a system that enables it to do work; measured in joules.

20.

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30 sec

1 pt

mechanical energy

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Answer explanation

The energy due to the position or the movement of something; potential or kinetic energy.

21.

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30 sec

1 pt

potential energy

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Answer explanation

energy of position, usually related to the relative position of two things, such as a stone and earth, or an electron and a nucleus

22.

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30 sec

1 pt

kinetic energy

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Answer explanation

energy of motion, equal to half the mass multiplied the speed squar

23.

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30 sec

1 pt

crest

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Answer explanation

one of the places in a wave where the wave is highest or the disturbing is great

24.

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1 pt

trough

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Answer explanation

one of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest, or the disturbance is greatest,in the opposite direction from a crest

25.

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1 pt

amplitude

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Answer explanation

the distances from the midpoint to the maximum of a wave or, equivalently, from the midpoint to to the minimum

26.

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30 sec

1 pt

wavelength

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Answer explanation

The distance from the top of the crest of a wave to the top of the following crest, or equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave.

27.

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30 sec

1 pt

frequency

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Answer explanation

The number of events (cycles, vibrations, oscillations, or any repeated event) per time, measured in hertz (or events per time)

28.

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30 sec

1 pt

hertz

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Answer explanation

The SI unit of frequency.

29.

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30 sec

1 pt

transverse wave

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Answer explanation

A wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling.

30.

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30 sec

1 pt

longitudinal wave

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Answer explanation

A wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as that in which the wave is traveling, rather than at right angles.

31.

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30 sec

1 pt

interference pattern

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Answer explanation

A pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time

32.

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1 pt

constructive interference

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Answer explanation

Addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting wave of increased amplitude.

33.

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1 pt

destructive interference

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Answer explanation

Combination of waves where crests of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting in a wave of decreased amplitude.

34.

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30 sec

1 pt

out of phase

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Answer explanation

Term applied to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other.

35.

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30 sec

1 pt

in phase

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Answer explanation

Term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time, so that their effects reinforce each other.

36.

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30 sec

1 pt

standing wave

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Answer explanation

Wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appears not to be traveling. The result of interference between an incident (original) wave and a reflected wave.

37.

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1 pt

node

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Answer explanation

Any part of a standing wave that remains stationary

38.

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1 pt

antinodes

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Answer explanation

The positions on a standing wave where the largest amplitudes occur.

39.

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30 sec

1 pt

Doppler effect

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Answer explanation

The apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or of the receiver

40.

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30 sec

1 pt

blue shift

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Answer explanation

An increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; called the blue shift because the apparent increase is toward the high-frequency, or blue, end of the color spectrum. Also occurs when an observer approaches a source.

41.

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30 sec

1 pt

red shift

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Answer explanation

A decrease in the measured frequency of light (or other radiation) from a receding source; called the red shift because the decrease is toward the low-frequency, or red, end of the color spectrum.

42.

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1 pt

pitch

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Answer explanation

Term that refers to how high or low sound frequencies appear to be

43.

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30 sec

1 pt

infrasonic

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Answer explanation

Term applied to sound pitch too low to be heard by the human ear, that is, below 20 hertz.

44.

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ultrassonic

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Answer explanation

Term applied to sound frequencies above 20,000 hertz, the normal upper limit of human hearing

45.

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30 sec

1 pt

compression

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Answer explanation

(a) In mechanics, the act of squeezing material and reducing its volume. (b) In sound, a pulse of compressed air (or other matter); opposite of rarefaction.

46.

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30 sec

1 pt

rarefaction

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Answer explanation

A disturbance in air (or matter) in which the pressure is lowered. Opposite of compression.

47.

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30 sec

1 pt

natural frequency

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Answer explanation

A frequency at which an elastic object, once energized, will vibrate. Minimum energy is required to continue vibration at that frequency. Also called resonant frequency.

48.

Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

forced vibraton

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Answer explanation

The vibration of an object that is made to vibrate by another vibrating object that is nearby. The sounding board in a musical instrument amplifies the sound through forced vibration.

49.

Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

resonance

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Answer explanation

A phenomenon that occurs when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches the object's natural frequency, and a dramatic increase in amplitude results.

50.

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1 pt

beats

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Answer explanation

A periodic variation i the loudness of sound caused by interference when two tones of slightly different frequencies are sounded together.

51.

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30 sec

1 pt

photon

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Answer explanation

In the particle model of electromagnetic radiation, a particle that travels only at the speed of light and whose energy is related to the frequency of the radiation in the wave model.

52.

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1 pt

light-year

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Answer explanation

The distance light travels through a vacuum during one year.

53.

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1 pt

electromagnetic wave

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Answer explanation

A wave that is partly electric and partly magnetic and carries energy. Emitted by vibrating electric charges.

54.

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1 pt

electromagnetic spectrum

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Answer explanation

The range of electromagnetic waves extending from radio waves to gamma rays.

55.

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1 pt

infrared

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Answer explanation

Electromagnetic waves of frequencies lower than the red of visible light.

56.

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1 pt

ultraviolet

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Answer explanation

Electromagnetic waves of frequencies higher than those of violet light.

57.

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1 pt

transparent

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Answer explanation

Term applied to materials that allow light to pass through them in straight lines.

58.

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opaque

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Answer explanation

Term applied to materials that absorb light without reemission, and consequently do not allow light through them.

59.

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ray

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Answer explanation

A thin beam of light.

60.

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polarization

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Answer explanation

The aligning of vibrations in a transverse wave, usually by filtering out waves of other directions.

61.

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1 pt

reflection

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Answer explanation

The bouncing back of a particle or wave that strikes the boundary between two media.

62.

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normal

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Answer explanation

A line perpendicular to a surface.

63.

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1 pt

angle of incidence

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Answer explanation

Angle between an incident ray and the normal to a surface

64.

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1 pt

law of reflection

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Answer explanation

The angle of incidence for a wave that strikes a surface is equal to the angle of reflection. This is true for both partially and totally reflected waves.

65.

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30 sec

1 pt

virtual image

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Answer explanation

An image formed through reflection or refraction that can be seen by an observer but cannot be projected on a scree because light from the object does not actually come to a focus.

66.

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diffuse reflection

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Answer explanation

The reflection of waves in many directions from a rough surface.

67.

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reverberation

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Answer explanation

Persistence of a sound, as in an echo, due to multiple reflections.

68.

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refraction

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Answer explanation

The change in direction of a wave as it crosses the boundary between two media in which the wave travels at different speeds.

69.

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1 pt

electric field

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Answer explanation

A force field that fills the space around every electric charge or group of charges. Measured by force per charge.

70.

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electric potential energy

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Answer explanation

Energy a charge has due to its location in an electric field.

71.

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electric potential

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Answer explanation

Electrical potential energy per coulomb (I/C) at a location in an electric field; measured in volts and often called voltage.

72.

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volt

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Answer explanation

The SI unit of electric potential. One volt (symbol V) is the electrical potential difference across which one coulomb of charge gains or loses one joule of energy.

73.

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1 pt

voltage

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Answer explanation

(a) Electric potential; measured in volts (b) Potential difference; measured in volts.

74.

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30 sec

1 pt

potential difference

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Answer explanation

The difference in electric potential (voltage) between two points. Free charge flows when there is a difference and will continue until both points reach a common potential.

75.

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1 pt

electric current

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Answer explanation

The flow of electric charge; measured in amperes

76.

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ampere

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Answer explanation

SI unit of electric current. A flow of one coulomb of charge per second is one ampere symbol.

77.

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voltage source

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Answer explanation

A device, such as a battery or generator, that provides a potential difference.

78.

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electric resistance

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Answer explanation

The resistance of a material to the flow of electric current through it; measured in ohms.

79.

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1 pt

ohm

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Answer explanation

The SI unit of electric resistance. One ohm is the resistance of a device that draws a current of one ampere when a voltage of one volt is impressed across it.

80.

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30 sec

1 pt

Ohm's law

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Answer explanation

The statement that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage impressed across the circuit, and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.

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