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- 1. Open EndedCriterion A: Criterion A is now updated to read as manifested by all of the following to clarify
- 2. Open EndedAutism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Criteria 299.00 (F84.0) Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts , as manifested by the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive; see text): 2
- 3. Open EndedAutism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Criteria 299.00 (F84.0) Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts , as manifested by the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive; see text): 1
- 4. Open EndedAutism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Criteria 299.00 (F84.0) Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts , as manifested by the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive; see text): 3
- 5. Open EndedAutism Spectrum Disorder Severity is based on
- 6. Open EndedLevel 3 "Requiring very substantial support" Restricted, repetitive behaviors
- 7. Open EndedLevel 3 "Requiring very substantial support" Social communication
- 8. Open EndedLevel 2 "Requiring substantial support" Restricted, repetitive behaviors
- 9. Open EndedLevel 2 "Requiring substantial support" Social communication
- 10. Open EndedLevel 1 "Requiring support Restricted, repetitive behaviors
- 11. Open EndedLevel 1 "Requiring support Social communication
- 12. Open EndedSeverity should be recorded as level of support needed for each of the two
- 13. Open EndedSeverity of social communication difficulties and restricted, repetitive behaviors should be
- 14. Open EndedThe descriptive severity categories should not be used to determine
- 15. Open EndedRegarding the specifier "with or without accompanying intellectual impairment," understanding the (often uneven)
- 16. Open EndedTo use the specifier "with or without accompanying language impairment," the current level of verbal functioning should be assessed and described. Examples of the specific descriptions for "with accompanying language impairment"
- 17. Open EndedTo use the specifier "with or without accompanying language impairment, " Language level in individuals "without accompanying language impairment" might be further described by
- 18. Open EndedThe specifier "associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor" should be used when the individual has a known genetic disorder
- 19. Open EndedRett syndrome genetic Can't be cured, but treatment may help Requires a medical diagnosis Lab tests or imaging always required Chronic: can last for years or be lifelong
- 20. Open EndedAdditional neurodevelopmental, mental or behavioral conditions should also be noted
- 21. Open EndedDiagnostic Features The essential features of autism spectrum disorder are
- 22. Open EndedAutism spectrum disorder encompasses disorders previously referred to as
- 23. Open EndedThe impairments in communication and social interaction specified in Criterion A are pervasive and sustained. Diagnoses are most valid and reliable when
- 24. Open EndedIn adults without intellectual disabilities or language delays, deficits in social-emotional reciprocity may be most apparent in difficulties
- 25. Open EndedDeficits in social-emotional reciprocity (i.e., the ability to engage with others and share thoughts and feelings) are clearly evident in young children with the disorder
- 26. Open EndedExcessive adherence to routines and restricted patterns of behavior may be manifest in
- 27. Open EndedStereotyped or repetitive behaviors include simple motor stereotypies (e.g., hand flapping, finger flicking), repetitive use of objects (e.g., spinning coins, lining up toys), and
- 28. Open EndedMany individuals with autism spectrum disorder also have
- 29. Open EndedSelf-injury (e.g., head banging, biting the wrist) may occur, and disruptive/challenging behaviors are more common in
- 30. Open EndedMotor deficits are often present, including
- 31. Open EndedAdolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder
- 32. Open Endedrisk period for comorbid catatonia appears to be greatest
- 33. Open EndedThe age and pattern of onset also should be noted for autism spectrum disorder. Symptoms are typically recognized during the second year of life (12-24 months of age) but
- 34. Open EndedSome children with autism spectrum disorder experience developmental plateaus or regression, with a gradual or relatively rapid deterioration in social behaviors or use of language,
- 35. Open EndedThe behavioral features of autism spectrum disorder first become evident in early childhood, with some cases presenting a lack of interest in social interaction
- 36. Open EndedFirst symptoms of autism spectrum disorder frequently involve delayed language development, often accompanied by lack of
- 37. Open Endedodd and repetitive behaviors and the absence of typical play become more apparent.
- 38. Open EndedFor example, the report (by parents or another relative) that the individual had ordinary and sustained reciprocal
- 39. Open EndedManifestations of the social and communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviors that define autism spectrum disorder are clear in the developmental period. In later life, intervention or compensation, as well as current supports, may
- 40. Open EndedThe best established prognostic factors for individual outcome within autism spectrum disorder are
- 41. Open EndedA variety of nonspecific risk factors, such as
- 42. Open EndedCultural and socioeconomic factors may affect age at recognition or diagnosis; for example, in the United States,
- 43. Open EndedAutism spectrum disorder is diagnosed four times more often in males
- 44. Open EndedRett syndrome (typically between 1-4 years of age)
- 45. Open EndedIn selective mutism, early development is not typically disturbed. The affected child usually exhibits appropriate communication skills in
- 46. Open EndedWhen an individual shows impairment in social communication and social interactions but does not show restricted and repetitive behavior or interests, criteria for
- 47. Open Endeddiagnosis of autism spectrum disorder supersedes that of social (pragmatic) communication disorder whenever the criteria for
- 48. Open EndedIntellectual disability without autism spectrum disorder may be difficult to differentiate
- 49. Open EndedA diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in an individual with intellectual disability is appropriate when social communication and interaction are
- 50. Open EndedMotor stereotypies are among the diagnostic characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, so an additional diagnosis of stereotypic movement disorder is not given when such repetitive behaviors are better explained by
- 51. Open EndedAbnormalities of attention (overly focused or easily distracted) are common in individuals with autism spectrum disorder, as is hyperactivity. A diagnosis of
- 52. Open EndedHallucinations and delusions, which are defining features of schizophrenia, are not features of
- 53. Open EndedAutism spectrum disorder is frequently associated with intellectual impairment and structural language disorder (i.e., an inability to comprehend and construct sentences with proper grammar),
- 54. Open Endedcriteria for both ADHD and autism spectrum disorder are met, both diagnoses should be given. This same principle applies to concurrent diagnoses of
- 55. Open EndedAmong individuals who are nonverbal or have language deficits, observable signs such as changes in sleep or eating and increases in challenging behavior
- 56. Open EndedMedical conditions commonly associated with autism spectrum disorder should be noted under the "associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor" specifier. Such medical conditions include
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