Overcrowded institutions, filled with inmate gangs, violence, and racial conflicts, require that the focus be on security and institutional survival
2. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Conjugal visits usually mean that prisoners enjoy 24 or 48 hours of privacy with their families
3. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The prison is an extremely favorable setting for correctional treatment when done correctly
4. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prisoners have always had access to higher education opportunities, including Pell grants
5. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Visiting arrangements tend to fall into the following categories: (a) closed visits, (b) limited-contact visits, (c) informal-contact visits, (d) freedom of grounds, and (e) conjugal or family visits
6. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Common types of therapy used in prisons are insight-based therapy, behavior therapy, and electro-shock therapy
7. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research studies have found that educational program participation is not related to reduced rates of recidivism
8. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
There has been an increase in funding to recreational services in prisons as a result of the recent "no-frills" prison policies
9. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prison crowding makes it difficult to provide an adequate assessment program concerning the treatment needs of inmates
10. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Ashurst-Sumners Act makes transportation of prison-made goods in interstate commerce a federal crime
11. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Self-help programs are run by licensed counselors
12. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The basic purpose of vocational training is to keep offenders busy while incarcerated
13. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates express a much greater interest in dealing with their substance abuse and anger management problems than their mental health problems
14. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The "no-frills" institutional emphasis found in many states cuts back on programming and treatment, as much as constitutionally is permitted
15. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The most widely adopted cognitive-behavioral intervention is the cognitive thinking skills program
16. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Religious instruction and services are not always provided in federal, state, and private prisons
17. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Treatment has been a part of the correctional experience since the 17th century
18. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The assumption that desirable behaviors that are rewarded immediately and systematically will increase, and that undesirable behaviors that are not rewarded or are punished will diminish or be extinguished, is known as
19. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The purpose of reality therapy is to
20. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Cognitive-behavior therapy uses
21. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A visit lasting one or two days during which prisoners can enjoy private visitation with their families is called a
22. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The system that provides staff with access to critical inmate information such as assignments, program completions, and inmate movement is known as
23. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Effective types of treatment programs in prison accomplish which of the following
24. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Martinson and colleagues' research about "nothing works" was most linked to which correctional philosophy
25. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
The __________________passed on January 19, 1929, mandated that prison-made goods and merchandise transported from one state to another were subject to the existing laws of the importing state
26. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A technique in which rewards or punishments are used to alter or change a person's behavior is
27. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Types of visitation in prisons include which of the following
28. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The principle that maintains that programs should consider offenders' situations as well as characteristics that may become barriers to success in a correctional program is known as the
29. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research shows that when drug programs are well integrated and implanted carefully, they can accomplish all of the following outcomes, except
30. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Programs designed to help inmates manage their anger, especially in interpersonal relations, are known as
31. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Self-help programs are primarily lead by
32. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Failure to abide by the conditions set up in treatment programs may result in which of the following
33. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The basic purpose for vocational training is to
34. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates who attain sufficient reading and writing skills for functional literacy may increase the possibility of
35. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
An assessment used to record staff assessments of prisoners' problems, as well as the magnitude of these problems, is known as a(an)
36. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Participation in vocational programs is seen as a means for reducing recidivism based on the premise that vocational skills teach all of the following, except
37. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A needs assessment is designed to
38. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The treatment goal of psychotherapy is to
39. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A community treatment group designed to divert drug users from the criminal justice system is known as
40. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which of the following is NOT a constitutionally mandated services provided to inmates
41. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
An assessment tool used to assign inmates to high, medium, and low-risk caseloads is referred to as a(an)
42. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What are the limitations of insight-based therapies in a prison context
43. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All of the following are considered to be types of insight-based therapy, except
44. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
In 1935, the __________________ Act made the transportation of prison-made goods in interstate commerce a federal crime
45. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Common medical conditions in prisons include all of the following, except
46. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Any means to correct an offender's character, habits, attitudes, or behaviors to overcome his or her propensity to commit crime is known as
47. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Programs from which inmates seek improvement, such as anger management, or that express ethnic or cultural goals are called
48. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A growing portion of the correctional population consists of parolees who failed on the outside
49. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole boards are not permitted to meet with the offenders during a final grant hearing
50. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The "get-tough" movement of the 1980s increased the statutory restrictions placed on parolees
51. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Today, five state agencies account for nearly half of the adults under parole supervision: California, Illinois, Georgia, Virginia, and Pennsylvania
52. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A major flaw of the Second Chance Act is that it fails to provide funding to study such topics as smart probation projects, treatment of returning adults and juveniles with co-occurring substance abuse, and mental health disorders, as is done in other countries
53. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All 50 states restrict felons' right to vote
54. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of offenders released on parole do not return to prison
55. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parolees may be subjected to random searches by parole officers
56. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Revocation procedures officially begin when a parole officer requests a warrant based on an alleged violation of parole
57. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All states now mandate that parole officers carry, and use if necessary, firearms
58. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A parolee does not have the opportunity to speak on his own behalf during revocation proceedings
59. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Mandatory parole decisions are made at a parole grant hearing
60. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole officers tend to be younger and less experienced in the criminal justice system than probation officers
61. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Although most parolees are arrested soon after release, the trend has been to not send them back to prison
62. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research shows that offenders who fail upon reentry into the community do so long after they are released from prison
63. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole is generally viewed as a privilege granted to deserving inmates on the basis of their good behavior while on probation
64. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates who maintain their innocence may find that denying responsibility for their crimes places their release date in jeopardy
65. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A major issue facing states today is that courts have begun to make major settlements against those who have been wrongly convicted
66. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Restrictions placed on former felons that reduce the rights and privileges of those convicted of crimes are referred to as
67. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Formal risk prediction instruments are commonly referred to as
68. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
When determining possible parole, the parole board looks at all of the following except
69. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The offenders most likely to fail on parole are
70. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What level of proof is required in order to hold a parolee in custody prior to a revocation hearing
71. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Conditions of parole typically consist of all of the following except
72. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Most inmates leave prison before the completion of their sentence and are placed
73. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Second Chance Act does which of the following
74. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In Maconochie's system of graduated release, which of the following was the final stage
75. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Discretionary parole is decided by
76. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The salient factor score used by parole boards to predict the risk of recidivism is based on all of the following except
77. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All of the following individuals are able to issue a warrant once there is an alleged violation of parole except for
78. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The salient factor score places inmates in the risk categories of
79. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What type of laws creates civil disabilities for parolees when they return to the community
80. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A parolee who violates the conditions of parole, and who has not committed a new crime, is returned to prison on what type of violation
81. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The parole board's authority to grant or deny parole is based on which of the following
82. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole officers are able to do which of the following
83. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The duties of the parole board include which of the following
84. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which of the following is true regarding the number of people on parole
85. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The most at-risk parolees are placed
86. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of parolees were sentenced for
87. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research shows that it is difficult for parolees to succeed once released from prison for which of the following reasons
88. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
When an inmate is released when the unserved portion of the maximum prison term equals his or her earned good time, this is known as
89. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In the Supreme Court case of Morrissey v. Brewer, the court determined
90. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
An official panel that determines whether an inmate serving an indeterminate sentence is ready for parole is known as
91. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Technology used to aid supervision by parole agencies include except
92. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole is based on which of the following principles
93. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In 1854, Sir Walter Crofton, a retired navy officer, was sent to introduce the progressive state system at the prison at Mountjoy, near Dublin. The complete program became known as the
94. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In two-thirds of U.S. states, parole field services are administered by
95. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A formal procedure that takes place when a parole board decides that the parole must end because the offender committed a new crime or violated the conditions of parole is a
96. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Parole is characterized by which of the following
97. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Fourth Amendment bars excessive fines and cruel and unusual punishment
98. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Jailhouse lawyers cannot be interfered with or harassed by prison administrators for helping other inmates by drawing up and filing complaints
99. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The humanistic view on inmate rights is that prisons are places of punishment, but they should not be punishing
100. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Freedom of religion is a fundamental right guaranteed by the 4th Amendment
101. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Searches conducted by prison officials are not unreasonable as long as they are not for the purpose of harassing or humiliating the inmate in a cruel and unusual manner
102. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Currently, only federal prisons use the position of ombudsman, while states have found no correlation between the position and inmate grievance success
103. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Prison Litigation Reform Act has made it easier for prisoners to allege violations of their constitutional rights
104. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Each state legislature enacts laws that govern the acts of the state and the individuals within that jurisdiction
105. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Latin expression meaning "you have the body," is habeas corpus
106. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prisoners have a right to assemble without restriction
107. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Civil rights are guaranteed and protected by the government
108. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The U.S. Constitution tends to be written in more specific terms than are statutes
109. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court has mandated that all inmates receive proper medical care
110. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prisoners have made the greatest gains in the right to send and receive letters and the right to communicate with lawyers and the courts
111. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Fourteenth Amendment
112. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Habeas corpus has been called
113. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court ruled in _________________ that uncomfortable conditions are not unconstitutional but are part of the penalty that inmates pay for committing crimes
114. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A name given to inmates who develop an expertise in criminal law and help other inmates prepare their legal cases are known as
115. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which Supreme Court ruling states that as long as force is used in a good faith effort to maintain control, there is no liability
116. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A right such as the right to life, liberty, or property that is held to exist for its own sake and to constitute part of the legal order of society is known as
117. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A formalized arrangement in which inmates can register their complaints about the conditions of their confinement is known as a
118. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Rights that have been guaranteed and protected by the government are known as
119. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The justification of the courts for their neglect of hearing cases regarding prison conditions prior to the 1960s is commonly referred to as
120. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The amendment that limits admissibility of confessions that have been obtained unfairly is
121. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court ruled in the Procurier v. Martinez that censorship of prison mail was a violation of
122. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The principle source of prisoners' rights is based on
123. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates placed in solitary confinement or administrative segregation have the right to all of the following, except
124. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Searches conducted by prison officials
125. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The First Amendment protects
126. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prisoners have sued to establish rights to
127. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court has ruled that the right to practice religion
128. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates are entitled to due process of the law, even in lock up, is an example of which view regarding prisoners' rights
129. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A person who protects citizens against governmental abuses is known as a
130. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Solitary confinement or administrative segregation is necessary to accomplish which of the following
131. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
When a precedent establishes an important principle, it is known as a(an)
132. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which Supreme Court case determined that unannounced cell searches were necessary for the security and order of a jail/prison
133. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Freedom of religion is a fundamental right guaranteed by the
134. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The view that suggests that if inmates are given the same rights and privileges as any citizen, their anger and resentment toward society will diminish, thereby aiding the rehabilitation process, is
135. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The view that the fewer rights inmates have, the greater is the deterrent effect of punishment is
136. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The amendment that bars excessive bail or excessive fines imposed, as well as cruel and unusual punishment, is
137. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Fourth Amendment
138. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The act that limits the ability of inmates to complain about the conditions of confinement and to allege violations of their constitutional rights is known as the
139. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The body of the Constitution, especially its first 10 amendments is the main source of which type of law
140. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The amendment that guarantees a defendant the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial trial is
141. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Deadly force is permissible to prevent
142. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The body of judicial precedent that is built on legal reasoning and previous interpretations of statutory laws is known as
143. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A claim by an individual or group of individuals that the state has a duty to fulfill is known as a(an)
144. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
For most of our history, prisoners have been considered slaves of state corrections that is prisoners lose all of their rights when sentenced to prison. The Supreme Court rendered this decision in which infamous case
145. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Views on inmates' rights include which of the following
146. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All dangerous sex offenders always receive civil commitments after they serve their prison sentence
147. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Nearly 25 percent of both state prisoners and jail inmates with mental problems also report past physical or sexual abuse
148. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In addition to Guantánamo, many convicted terrorists are now being housed in federal maximum-security prisons and are part of the general prison population
149. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Many studies have shown the recidivism rate of sex offenders to be relatively low, especially when compared to the recidivism rates of other types of offenders
150. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is attempting to promote prevention programs for HIV- and AIDS-infected inmates
151. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Based on a recent Supreme Court decision in Bell v. Faulstick, all prisons must now test all inmates for HIV at the time of admission
152. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Illegal immigrants tend to have very low crime rates when compared to native-born American citizens
153. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Most state Medicaid programs cover very few childless adults, a population that makes up the bulk of the prison population
154. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Many substance-involved inmates report that they were not under the influence of drugs and alcohol at the time of their offense
155. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
By some estimates, by the year 2030, one-third of the U.S. prison population will be geriatric
156. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
While the number of inmates with mental health problems is significant, treatment has been less than adequate, and services for mentally ill inmates have been highly criticized
157. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In many U.S. prisons, unless pedophiles are placed in protective custody, they are likely to be sexually assaulted or even killed
158. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
At present, family detention centers are unable to provide schooling or recreational activities for children of illegal immigrants
159. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Only about 10 percent of all state and federal prisons now offer some form of substance abuse counseling inside their respective facilities
160. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In state prisons, female inmates tend to have lower rates of mental health problems than do male inmates
161. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Illegal immigrants who commit crimes are typically required to serve their prison sentence before being deported
162. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
It is rare for federal inmates with past terrorist ties to plot violence following release
163. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Special interest inmates include a wide variety of people with particular physical or mental conditions that require unique treatment and/or segregation from the general population of inmates
164. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Chronic mental health inmates have a low recidivism rate upon release
165. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Substance-involved inmates are less likely to recidivate if they receive treatment behind prison walls
166. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
One of the most controversial issues surrounding the treatment of suspected terrorists is the use of torture to gain information
167. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The federal agency that has jurisdiction over immigrant detention is the Immigration Bureau of Enforcement and Detention (IBED)
168. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The rate of HIV/AIDS among state and federal prison inmates is rapidly increasing
169. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Offenders who enter and complete in-prison residential drug treatment are still highly likely to experience new arrests and substance abuse use during the first six months following release
170. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
HIV inmates are now integrated with the general population in all state prison systems
171. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates 50 years of age or older are more likely to have health and mental health problems than are noninstitutionalized Americans because they often come from poor backgrounds, have a greater likelihood of drug and alcohol abuse, and have restricted access to health care
172. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Most people are released from prison, and therefore, relatively few elderly inmates exist in the prison system
173. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
In 1999, ____________________ became fully functional, creating one of the most important laws in protecting potential victims from sexual predators
174. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The most common type of treatment for mental health problems in correctional facilities is
175. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
____________________ are state and federal statutes that require convicted sex offenders to register with local police and to notify law enforcement authorities whenever they move to a new location
176. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Treatment of sex offenders is likely to be successful if offenders do which of the following
177. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates who have chronic health and mental health issues are categorized as which of the following
178. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The average cost of housing an elderly inmate is which of the following
179. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Based on recent research, who is more statistically likely to commit violent crimes
180. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Substance-involved inmates and sex offenders are considered to be which of the following
181. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which prison holds many convicted terrorists and is the supermax prison of the Federal Bureau of Prisons
182. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Corrections Demonstration Project provides offenders with
183. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Prisoners who actively participate in prison-based drug treatment programs are less likely to do all of the following except
184. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The aging of the prison population is attributable to which of the following
185. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
One who acts with premeditated and politically directed violence directed against noncombatants is known as a
186. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which of the following issues do illegal immigrants face while in prison
187. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Approximately what percentage of all prison and jail inmates have a mental health problem
188. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
To have a sex offender involuntarily and indefinitely committed to a mental institution once he or she is nearing release from prison is known as
189. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates who are immigrants and elderly are categorized as which of the following
190. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Nearly 50 percent of inmates in federal prison and roughly 30 percent in state-level prisons are currently serving time for
191. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Minimum-security detention centers that house entire families and provide schooling for children, recreational activities, and access to religious services are known as
192. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Elderly inmates are especially vulnerable to victimization and require special attention when it comes to all of the following items except
193. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Evaluations of drug treatment programs have determined that treatment services should be based on all of the following except
194. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Many substance-involved inmates report that at the time of their offense they were in which condition
195. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
According to the text, in order for a sex offender to be labeled as a sexually violent offender, which of the following is required
196. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Most inmates on death row are black males
197. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
For every one female executed in the United States, three males are executed, meaning that only 33 percent of those killed on death row are women
198. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In the Supreme Court case of McClesky v. Kemp (1987), the court ruled that the Sixth Amendment requires that aggravating circumstances must be found by a jury, not a judge
199. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of the American public no longer supports the death penalty
200. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The warden examines the body at the time of execution and pronounces death
201. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Challengers to the legitimacy of capital punishment have built their case against the death penalty by the ambiguous language of the Fifth and Sixth Amendments
202. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In 2008, the Supreme Court ruled in Baze v. Rees that Kentucky's lethal injection protocol satisfies the Eighth Amendment
203. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The United States is one of the few nations that have executed juvenile offenders
204. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The death penalty is used in every U.S. state except for West Virginia, Wisconsin, Hawaii, and Arizona
205. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
No state permits inmates to choose their method of execution
206. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The review process can take 10 or more years from conviction to execution
207. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
States that impose capital punishment opt to use the electric chair as their method of execution
208. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court case of Gregg v. Georgia first brought the death penalty to a halt in 1972 due to issues of cruel and unusual punishment
209. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
One task of the prosecution in a death penalty case is to establish that the sentence should be death because the aggravating causes in the case exceed any potential mitigating causes
210. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Abolitionists make the argument that the death penalty is several times more expensive than confining an inmate for the duration of his or her life
211. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The case of Pulley v. California mandated that at least 10 percent of the jury hearing a death penalty case must be similar in race or gender to the defendant
212. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In the Supreme Court case of Stanford v. Kentucky, the court upheld the practice of removing jurors who are opposed to the death penalty
213. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Retentionists argue that the death penalty is used in a racist fashion and violates constitutional guarantees of due process and equal protection
214. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Based on recent empirical studies, it has been found that capital punishment is in fact a major deterrent for those who maybe considering the act of murder
215. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Inmates on death row are prohibited any visitors, except for religious clergy
216. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which Supreme Court case declared the death penalty unconstitutional
217. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of executions occur in which U.S. state
218. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What is the term used for convicted murders who continue to waive at least part of their ordinary appeals at the time of their execution
219. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The U.S. Supreme Court decision that later followed Furman v. Georgia and declared the death penalty constitutional if and only if certain conditions are met was
220. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Responses of inmates on death row include all of the following, except
221. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The number of prisoners on death row nationwide is
222. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
How many officers usually escort the condemned from their cells to the execution room
223. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
According to the U.S. Supreme Court, the insertion of the intravenous catheter to administer lethal injection must be made by a person who has at least
224. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Supreme Court has ruled that no one who commits crime under the age of 18
225. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The trend worldwide is to
226. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
During which phase of the judicial process does the jury determine whether the person will be sentenced to death or life in prison
227. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Recent research indicates that most people on death row are of what race
228. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of prisoners on death row
229. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In which Supreme Court case did the defendant make the argument that the imposition of the death penalty was cruel and unusual because African American men killing white victims are sentenced to death with greater frequency than white men killing white victims
230. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Who is responsible for establishing that mitigating factors exist that should cause the jury to bring in a punishment recommendation other than death
231. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The team that carries out the official act of putting an inmate to death is called the
232. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which Supreme Court case dealt specifically with aggravating factors relating to the death penalty
233. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Why does the death penalty remain a form of punishment in the United States
234. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which type of attempts to calculate the impact that a well-publicized execution has on the short-term murder rate
235. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The review process for prisoners on death row takes 10 or more years from conviction to execution because of which of the following
236. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which country maintains its secrecy over its use of the death penalty
237. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which Supreme Court decision disallowed the execution of juveniles under the age of 18
who committed a capital crime
238. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that execution of the mentally handicapped was unconstitutional
239. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The predominant method of execution in the United States is
240. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Officers who work on death row are characterized by which of the following
241. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All of the following are reasons that a majority of death penalty convictions have been overturned except
242. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research shows that the majority of Americans over the past two decades express which opinion
243. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A death-qualified jury means that
244. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which of the following is not a retentionist argument for the death penalty
245. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Only adults can be placed in pretrial facilities
246. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Florida now leads the nation with juveniles serving life sentences without the possibility of parole
247. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Treatment provided to juveniles in a public versus an institutional context is called community treatment
248. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Aftercare is not important in the juvenile justice process because most juveniles age out of custody
249. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Murder is an example of a status offense
250. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Due to their possible lack of education and cognitive abilities, juveniles do not receive Miranda warnings and other constitutional rights at time of arrest—they must wait to have counsel present
251. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Research shows that public opinion on community corrections for juveniles remains negative
252. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
According to the text, juvenile court proceedings are open to the public
253. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Most states have extended the same legal rights enjoyed by adults at parole revocation hearings to juveniles who are in danger of losing their aftercare privileges
254. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Determinate sentencing is a new form of sentencing structure in juvenile justice, and in some jurisdictions it is replacing the traditional form of indeterminate sentencing
255. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Blended sentencing is defined as the imposition of juvenile and/or adult correctional sanctions on serious and violent juvenile offenders who have been adjudicated in juvenile court
256. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A comprehensive set of guidelines for juvenile offenders that was based on sentencing in relation to the seriousness of the crime, rather than on the needs of the youth, was known as the Juvenile Fair Sentencing and Reformation Act
257. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Age determines the jurisdiction of the juvenile court
258. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Minority youths accused of delinquent acts are more likely than white youths to be diverted from the court system into informal sanctions
259. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
More juveniles are now placed in an institution instead of being granted probation
260. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Many states permit waiver to the adult court if the juvenile previously has been adjudicated as a delinquent or has a prior criminal conviction
261. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The U.S. Supreme Court, in the case of Roper v. Simmons, put an end to the practice of the death penalty for juveniles in the United States
262. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Both juvenile and adult courts use proof beyond a reasonable doubt as the standard for evidence
263. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The intent of boot camps is to improve youths' self-confidence and sense of self-reliance
264. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Because of concern over violent juvenile offenders and the threat they pose to the community, state legislatures have passed laws permitting juveniles to be transferred or waived to adult court, where they can be tried and punished as adults
265. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Plea bargaining may only be used with adult offenders
266. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Police officers are only allowed to use discretion with adult offenders
267. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Nonsecure residences that provide counseling, education, job training, and family living are known as
268. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The majority of incarcerated youths in the United States are charged with all of the following except
269. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Programs that allow youthful offenders to live at home while receiving services in the community are known as
270. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Similarities between the adult and juvenile system include which of the following
271. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Since 1999, the number of juvenile offenders in custody has been
272. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
A medieval English doctrine that sanctioned the right of the Crown to intervene in natural family relations whenever a child's welfare was threatened is known as
273. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What is the juvenile equivalent of parole in the adult criminal justice system
274. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which type of waiver to adult court automatically transfers perpetrators to adult court
275. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The primary form of community treatment used by the juvenile justice system is
276. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What is the most widely used transfer mechanism when sending juveniles to adult court
277. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Probation and other forms of treatment for juvenile offenders emphasize which of the following
278. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Community treatment refers to efforts to provide juveniles with all of the following except
279. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Programs conducted for the rehabilitation of youthful offenders within community-based and institutional settings are known as
280. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
According to the text, programs that attempt to improve the self-confidence of youth are called
281. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Approximately how many juveniles are placed on formal probation each year in the United States
282. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Females in juvenile institutions are characterized by which of the following
283. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The key provisions of the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 provided which of the following
284. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
In the 1800s, what facilities were created to teach juvenile offenders traditional values
285. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Underage minors who engage in antisocial activities that are defined as criminal behavior by the state's legal code are known as
286. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
At what age do most states consider transferring juveniles to adult court for major felonies
287. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What is one major difference between the juvenile and adult justice systems
288. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
What type of treatment facility restricts the movement of residents through staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls
289. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Which case decided that a juvenile who commits a non-homicide crime cannot be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole
290. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Adult probation officers are different than juvenile probation officers in that
291. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 established
292. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
Juvenile probation
293. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
All of the following dispositions are available to juveniles who are transferred to adult court except
294. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
According to the text, a juvenile who runs away from home is an example of what type of offender