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- 1. Open Ended1) Why is religion classified as a universal social institution?
- 2. Open Ended2) What is the primary reason sociologists study religion?
- 3. Open Ended3) What was the influential book on religion published in 1912 by Emile Durkheim?
- 4. Open Ended4) Why can't sociologists empirically study religion?
- 5. Open Ended5) What did Durkheim call the common elements of everyday life?
- 6. Open Ended6) What are the three elements of religion based on the writings of Emile Durkheim?
- 7. Open Ended7) From Durkheim's perspective, what do Buddhists bowing before a shrine, Hindus dipping into the Ganges River and Aztecs sacrificing virgins all have in common?
- 8. Open Ended8) Which sociological perspective is aligned with the belief that religion attaches meaning to our lives, provides emotional comfort during times of sorrow, creates a sense of solidarity with others and provides guidelines with which to direct our lives?
- 9. Open Ended9) What conclusion did epidemiologist Lynda Powell and her colleagues reach after studying data on the effects of participation in organized religion on health?
- 10. Open Ended10) What does incorporating religious teachings into criminal law, such as prohibiting the sale of alcoholic beverages before noon on Sunday, illustrate about religion?
- 11. Fill in the Blank11) As a state religion in past centuries, Lutheranism was to Sweden as ________ was to Switzerland.
- 12. Open Ended12) How would sociologists classify communism in respect to its religious qualities?
- 13. Open Ended13) What are the two dysfunctions of religion addressed in the textbook?
- 14. Open Ended14) When viewing communism as a functional equivalent of religion, which book provides its most sacred writings?
- 15. Fill in the Blank15) Next week, Abraham and Hazel will attend the bar mitzvah of their nephew. Their nephew's bar mitzvah is an example of a religious ________.
- 16. Open Ended16) From a symbolic interactionist perspective, what does wearing a cross signify for Christians?
- 17. Fill in the Blank17) Jews, Christians and Muslims all believe in one God who, as creator of the universe, is concerned about our actions and will hold us accountable for them. In this sense, Jews, Christians and Muslims all share the same ________.
- 18. Open Ended18) What is the term that refers to a sudden awareness of the supernatural or a feeling of coming in contact with God?
- 19. Fill in the Blank19) The Star of David is to the Jews as the ________ is to the Hindus.
- 20. Open Ended20) What is another name for the bond that members of a respective faith share with one another?
- 21. Fill in the Blank21) Marx's notion that religion diverts the thoughts of workers to the afterlife rather than toward rebellion against their worldly oppressors is expressed by his statement ________.
- 22. Open Ended22) Pietro, a wealthy businessman, has been a devoted Roman Catholic his entire life. But a few months ago he received a vision from God to wage a campaign to change the policy of the church to accept women as priests and to accept a prochoice philosophy. Based on this, the Vatican has stripped Pietro of his membership in the church. Which phrase describes what has happened to Pietro?
- 23. Open Ended23)Among the Amish, what is the term for ignoring a member of the community because he or she has broken an important covenant?
- 24. Open Ended24) What is the transformation of traditional societies to industrial societies called?
- 25. Open Ended25) What does the spirit of capitalism refer to, as proposed by Max Weber?
- 26. Open Ended26) This theologian proposed that God has predestined some people to go to heaven and others to hell at the time of their birth.
- 27. Open Ended27) What was Weber's term to describe the ideal of a self-denying, highly moral life, accompanied by hard work and frugality?
- 28. Open Ended28) What was the fundamental difference between Judaism and all other religions that preceded it?
- 29. Open Ended29) What is the belief that all objects in the world have spirits, some of which are dangerous?
- 30. Open Ended30) Which of the following religions has the longest history?
- 31. Open Ended31) Which of the following elements are most emphasized in Jewish teachings?
- 32. Open Ended32) What is the world's largest religion, with around 2 billion members?
- 33. Fill in the Blank33) The original goal of the Reformation led by Martin Luther was to ________.
- 34. Open Ended34) What is a government based on the principle that God is king?
- 35. Fill in the Blank35) Islam today is divided between two groups, one conservative and one liberal. The faction which tends to be more liberal and accepting of social change is ________.
- 36. Fill in the Blank36) Shi'ites refer to their religious leader as the ________ and it is his duty to interpret the holy book called the ________.
- 37. Fill in the Blank37) Muslims and Jews alike trace their ancestry to ________.
- 38. Fill in the Blank38) One of the reasons for the Islamic conflict with capitalist nations is the belief of some that modernization threatens their religion. The movement to restore the faith as it was originally practiced is called ________.
- 39. Fill in the Blank39) Rani is a Hindu and believes in the three gods: Brahma, Shiva, and Vishnu. Rani would be considered to be a(n) ________.
- 40. Open Ended40) What do Hindus call the cycle of life, death, and rebirth?
- 41. Fill in the Blank41) In Hinduism, one of the central beliefs is karma, which means ________.
- 42. Fill in the Blank42) The basic moral principle of Confucianism is to maintain jen and the key to jen is to ________.
- 43. Fill in the Blank43) A central symbol of Buddhism is ________.
- 44. Open Ended44) In Buddhism, what do the four noble truths emphasize?
- 45. Open Ended45) Which phrase best summarizes the Confucian Golden Rule?
- 46. Open Ended46) Sociologically, how would a cult be defined?
- 47. Fill in the Blank47) Someone with an outstanding gift or exceptional quality that draws others to them and their message is said to possess ________.
- 48. Open Ended48) The Reverend Hamilton Barnesworth Jones has established a new religious order he calls "The People's Temple of Love and Divinity." More likely than not, what is the future of Reverend Jones' new order?
- 49. Open Ended49) Of the following, what would cults and sects be more likely to stress?
- 50. Fill in the Blank50) A state religion is referred to as a(n) ________ when the government and religion work together to try to shape society.
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