ap human geography chapter 13

1.

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1. A tsunami's waves result from A.) tidal conditions B.) high storm winds called "tsunamis" C.) earthquake displacement of the sea floor D.) periodic floods

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Answer explanation

C.) earthquake displacement of the sea floor

2.

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2.) depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of _____ into the atmosphere. A.) volcanic ash B.) CO2 C.) methane D.) chlorofluorocarbons

3.

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1 pt

3.) climatologist/geographer Alfred wegener used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of A.) relativity B.) the hydrologic cycle C.) continental drift D.) earth rotation

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Answer explanation

C.) continental drift

4.

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4.) the latest Pangaea breakup began _____ years ago. A.) 10,000 B.) 2,000,000 C.) 50,000,000 D.) 180,000,000

5.

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5.) the boundaries of rocky crustal plates (theory of plate tectonics) are associated with A.) deserts B.) earthquakes and volcanoes C.) ice caps D.) plains regions

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Answer explanation

B.) earthquakes and volcanoes

6.

Open Ended

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6.) what percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water? A.) 90 B.) 70 C.) 50 D.) 20

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Answer explanation

B.) 70

7.

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7.) plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the ____ level in the atmosphere. A.) CO2 B.) O2 C.) methane D.) sulfur

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Answer explanation

B.) O2

8.

Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

8.) the earth's most recent experience with mass volcanism was between ____ million years ago. A.) 180 and 160 B.) 150 and 130 C.) 120 and 100 D.) 90 and 70

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Answer explanation

A.) 180 and 160

9.

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9.) the most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the _________ glaciation. A.) Illinoian B.) Kansan C.) Wisconsinan D.) Nebraskan

10.

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10.) The greatest threat to human existence to come from any source was a volcanic eruption occurring about 73,500 years ago. The volcano was called A.) Santorini B.) St. Helen's C.) Tambora D.) Toba

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Answer explanation

D.) Toba

11.

Open Ended

30 sec

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11.) The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living is the A.) Pliocene B.) Holocene C.) Pleistocene D.) Miocene

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Answer explanation

B.) Holocene

12.

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12.) During the Pleistocene, glaciers extend as far as __________ A.) St. Louis and Seattle B.) Moscow and Rome C.) Paris and San Francisco D.) London and Belgrade

13.

Open Ended

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13.) The Little Ice Age began to affect Europe in which century? A.) fourteenth B.) fifteenth C.) sixteenth D.) seventeenth

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Answer explanation

A.) fourteenth

14.

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14.) The climatic record documenting the beginning of the Little Ice Age was partially pieced together by using farmers' diaries. Those of _______ were most useful. A.) dairy farmers B.) wine growers C.) grain farmers D.) vegetable growers

15.

Open Ended

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15.) Growing understanding of the affects of the Little Ice Age leads to the suggestion that the chief cause of the rapid collapse of the Jamestown colony may well have been A.) flooding. B.) shortened growing season. C.) a seven year drought. D.) poor farming practices.

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Answer explanation

C.) a seven year drought

16.

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16.) The Little Ice Age put an end to a period of flourishing __________ in Ming Dynasty China. A.) wine making B.) plant domestication C.) astronomical science D.) ship building and maritime exploration

17.

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17.) The eruption of the Tambora volcano on the island of Sumatra resulted in what has been called the "year without a summer" in Europe and America. That year was A.) 1000 B.) 1650 C.) 1816 D.) 1912

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Answer explanation

C.) 1816

18.

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18.) Biologists estimate that there may be as many as _____ million types of organisms on Earth. A.) 5 B.) 10 C.) 15 D.) 25

19.

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19.) Human destructiveness of the environment manifested itself early when A.) streams were polluted by settlements B.) fires were set to kill entire herds of reindeer and bison C.) cooking fires polluted the air D.) the beginnings of agriculture destroyed vast areas of soil.

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Answer explanation

B.) fires were set to kill entire herds of reindeer and bison

20.

Open Ended

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20.) The Polynesians reduced the forests of their islands to brush, and by the time of the arrival of the Europeans, had exterminated more than 80 percent of the regional birds due to their penchant for A.) wearing bird-feather robes B.) eating bird's eggs C.) eating birds D.) collecting bird's nests

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Answer explanation

A.) wearing bird-feather robes

21.

Open Ended

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21.) Over the past century the pace of human environmental change has A.) almost completely stopped B.) declined slightly from earlier rates C.) remained constant D.) increased significantly

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Answer explanation

D.) increased significantly

22.

Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

22.) The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in A.) equatorial and tropical areas B.) mid-latitude regions C.) high latitudes D.) subtropical regions

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Answer explanation

A.) equatorial and tropical areas

23.

Open Ended

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23.) The distribution of precipitation over the areas of the Earth, with concentrations in some areas and paucity in others, is sustained through a process called the A.) jet stream shift B.) hydrologic cycle C.) cyclonic system shift D.) upper air circulation

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Answer explanation

B.) hydrologic cycle

24.

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24.) Fifty times as much water is stored in _______ in the United States as precipitation falls each year. A.) reservoirs B.) aquifers C.) streams D.) lakes

25.

Open Ended

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25.) one of the great ecological disasters of the twentieth century occurred in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan and involves the A.) Black Sea B.) Lake Baikal C.) Aral Sea D.) Caspian Sea

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Answer explanation

C.) Aral Sea

26.

Open Ended

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26.) Increasingly, people have come to depend on water sources A.) of uncertain future capacity B.) that are of guaranteed capacity C.) from streams and rivers D.) from bottled water

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Answer explanation

A.) of uncertain future capacity

27.

Open Ended

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27.) The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and is the source of most of the water for which of the following countries? A.) Syria B.) Jordan C.) Israel D.) Lebanon

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Answer explanation

C.) Israel

28.

Open Ended

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28.) Which of the following is NOT one of the key "greenhouse" gases? A.) carbon dioxide B.) methane C.) nitrous oxide D.) ozone

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Answer explanation

D.) ozone

29.

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29.) changes in climate involve changes in the _____ cycle, which in turn affects patterns of precipitation. A.) nitrogen B.) hydrologic C.) oxygen D.) ozone

30.

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30.) To some extent acid rain has always been present in certain humid environments, but during the last century the spread of _______ has greatly increased the destructive capabilities of natural acid rain. A.) human settlements B.) humanity in general C.) the Industrial Revolution D.) farming of marginal area

31.

Open Ended

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31.) the geography of acid rain occurrence is most closely associated with patterns of industrial concentration and A.) urbanization B.) large population concentrations C.) modern transportation systems D.) middle to long distance wind flows

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Answer explanation

D.) middle to long distance wind flows

32.

Open Ended

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32.) The highest densities of coal and oil burning, which causes acid rain are associated with large concentrations of heavy manufacturing, such as those in A.) Western and Eastern Europe and the United States B.) coastal South America and Asia C.) Eastern Europe and East Asia D.) the Southern Hemisphere

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Answer explanation

A.) Western and Eastern Europe and the United States

33.

Open Ended

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1 pt

33.) Forests affect the atmosphere through their role in (the) A.) global warming B.) production of CO2 C.) desertification D.) oxygen cycle

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Answer explanation

D.) oxygen cycle

34.

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34.) In the early 1980s, the FAO of the United Nations undertook a study of the rate of depletion of tropical rain forests and determined that ______ percent had already been affected by cutting. A.) 24 B.) 34 C.) 44 D.) 54

35.

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35.) The amount of forest cutting that has gone on wherever humans locate has been very extensive. In the United States, for example, forests consist mainly of _______ trees. A.) second-growth B.) stumps and brushy C.) deciduous D.) coniferous

36.

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36.) The United States is the most prolific producer of solid waste. Studies estimate that the U.S. produces about _______ pounds of solid waste per person per day. A.) 1.5 B.) 4.5 C.) 5.5 D.) 7.3

37.

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37.) of the U.S. landfills for the disposal of low level radioactive waste, _____ percent are now open. A.) 100 B.) 50 C.) 25 D.) the number of this type of landfill is increasing

38.

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38.) Human habitation of the Pacific Islands is estimated to have led to the extinction of ______ bird species. A.) 0 B.) 18 C.) 137 D.) 2000

39.

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39.) _________ describes a field of study that considers the roles of political economics, power, and history in shaping human environmental interactions. A.) Danger B.) Politics C.) Political-ecology D.) Economics

40.

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40.) ________ liters of water are required to produce one kilogram of beef. A.) 100 B.) 1,000 C.) 10,000 D.) 100,000

41.

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41.) Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to ___________ more than any other factor. A.) population numbers B.) technology C.) rate of population growth D.) proximity to resources

42.

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42.) Residents of middle-America face high mortality risks and natural disasters in what form? A.) drought B.) hydrological and/or geophysical C.) geophysical D.) drought and/or geophysical

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Answer explanation

B.) hydrological and/or geophysical

43.

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43.) in 1990, ______ had similar patterns of fossil fuel sources emissions of CO2. A.) Spain and Australia B.) Nigeria and South Africa C.) Mexico and South Africa D.) Mexico and Chile

44.

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44.) Kuwait is developing ________ as a resource to offset the inevitable decline in oil production. A.) fresh water B.) forestry C.) sand D.) solar energy

45.

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45.) The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which of the following is NOT one of these? A.) loss of biodiversity B.) climatic change C.) soil erosion D.) depletion of the ozone layer

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Answer explanation

C.) soil erosion

46.

Open Ended

30 sec

1 pt

46.) The forests in South Africa are primarily A.) tropical rainforests B.) tropical deciduous forests C.) tropical dry forests D.) tropical highland forests

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Answer explanation

C.) tropical dry forests

47.

Open Ended

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47.) International concern over the loss of global species led to calls for a global convention (agreement) as early as A.) 1981 B.) 1971 C.) 1961 D.) 1991

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Answer explanation

A.) 1981

48.

Open Ended

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48.) Chlorofluorocarbon gases are the main culprits in ozone depletion. These gases haves only been in use since the A.) Industrial Revolution to 1790. B.) 1940s. C.) 1950s. D.) 1990s.

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Answer explanation

C.) 1950s.

49.

Open Ended

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49.) The Kyoto Protocol A.) addresses US-Japan trade imbalances B.) addresses Japan-European trade imbalances C.) addresses Asian deforestation D.) addresses global climate change

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Answer explanation

D.) addresses global climate change

50.

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50.) In 2004, which countries had per capita emissions of carbon dioxide of less than one metric ton? A.) United States and Australia B.) New Zealand and Sudan C.) United Kingdom and Japan D.) Somalia and Kenya

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Answer explanation

D.) Somalia and Kenya

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