1. A tsunami's waves result from
A.) tidal conditions
B.) high storm winds called "tsunamis"
C.) earthquake displacement of the sea floor
D.) periodic floods
2. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
2.) depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of _____ into the atmosphere.
A.) volcanic ash
B.) CO2
C.) methane
D.) chlorofluorocarbons
3. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
3.) climatologist/geographer Alfred wegener used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of
A.) relativity
B.) the hydrologic cycle
C.) continental drift
D.) earth rotation
4. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
4.) the latest Pangaea breakup began _____ years ago.
A.) 10,000
B.) 2,000,000
C.) 50,000,000
D.) 180,000,000
5. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
5.) the boundaries of rocky crustal plates (theory of plate tectonics) are associated with
A.) deserts
B.) earthquakes and volcanoes
C.) ice caps
D.) plains regions
6. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
6.) what percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
A.) 90
B.) 70
C.) 50
D.) 20
7. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
7.) plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the ____ level in the atmosphere.
A.) CO2
B.) O2
C.) methane
D.) sulfur
8. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
8.) the earth's most recent experience with mass volcanism was between ____ million years ago.
A.) 180 and 160
B.) 150 and 130
C.) 120 and 100
D.) 90 and 70
9. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
9.) the most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the _________ glaciation.
A.) Illinoian
B.) Kansan
C.) Wisconsinan
D.) Nebraskan
10. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
10.) The greatest threat to human existence to come from any source was a volcanic eruption occurring about 73,500 years ago. The volcano was called
A.) Santorini
B.) St. Helen's
C.) Tambora
D.) Toba
11. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
11.) The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living is the
A.) Pliocene
B.) Holocene
C.) Pleistocene
D.) Miocene
12. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
12.) During the Pleistocene, glaciers extend as far as __________
A.) St. Louis and Seattle
B.) Moscow and Rome
C.) Paris and San Francisco
D.) London and Belgrade
13. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
13.) The Little Ice Age began to affect Europe in which century?
A.) fourteenth
B.) fifteenth
C.) sixteenth
D.) seventeenth
14. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
14.) The climatic record documenting the beginning of the Little Ice Age was partially pieced together by using farmers' diaries. Those of _______ were most useful.
A.) dairy farmers
B.) wine growers
C.) grain farmers
D.) vegetable growers
15. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
15.) Growing understanding of the affects of the Little Ice Age leads to the suggestion that the chief cause of the rapid collapse of the Jamestown colony may well have been
A.) flooding.
B.) shortened growing season.
C.) a seven year drought.
D.) poor farming practices.
16. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
16.) The Little Ice Age put an end to a period of flourishing __________ in Ming Dynasty China.
A.) wine making
B.) plant domestication
C.) astronomical science
D.) ship building and maritime exploration
17. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
17.) The eruption of the Tambora volcano on the island of Sumatra resulted in what has been called the "year without a summer" in Europe and America. That year was
A.) 1000
B.) 1650
C.) 1816
D.) 1912
18. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
18.) Biologists estimate that there may be as many as _____ million types of organisms on Earth.
A.) 5
B.) 10
C.) 15
D.) 25
19. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
19.) Human destructiveness of the environment manifested itself early when
A.) streams were polluted by settlements
B.) fires were set to kill entire herds of reindeer and bison
C.) cooking fires polluted the air
D.) the beginnings of agriculture destroyed vast areas of soil.
20. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
20.) The Polynesians reduced the forests of their islands to brush, and by the time of the arrival of the Europeans, had exterminated more than 80 percent of the regional birds due to their penchant for
A.) wearing bird-feather robes
B.) eating bird's eggs
C.) eating birds
D.) collecting bird's nests
21. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
21.) Over the past century the pace of human environmental change has
A.) almost completely stopped
B.) declined slightly from earlier rates
C.) remained constant
D.) increased significantly
22. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
22.) The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in
A.) equatorial and tropical areas
B.) mid-latitude regions
C.) high latitudes
D.) subtropical regions
23. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
23.) The distribution of precipitation over the areas of the Earth, with concentrations in some areas and paucity in others, is sustained through a process called the
A.) jet stream shift
B.) hydrologic cycle
C.) cyclonic system shift
D.) upper air circulation
24. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
24.) Fifty times as much water is stored in _______ in the United States as precipitation falls each year.
A.) reservoirs
B.) aquifers
C.) streams
D.) lakes
25. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
25.) one of the great ecological disasters of the twentieth century occurred in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan and involves the
A.) Black Sea
B.) Lake Baikal
C.) Aral Sea
D.) Caspian Sea
26. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
26.) Increasingly, people have come to depend on water sources
A.) of uncertain future capacity
B.) that are of guaranteed capacity
C.) from streams and rivers
D.) from bottled water
27. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
27.) The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and is the source of most of the water for which of the following countries?
A.) Syria
B.) Jordan
C.) Israel
D.) Lebanon
28. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
28.) Which of the following is NOT one of the key "greenhouse" gases?
A.) carbon dioxide
B.) methane
C.) nitrous oxide
D.) ozone
29. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
29.) changes in climate involve changes in the _____ cycle, which in turn affects patterns of precipitation.
A.) nitrogen
B.) hydrologic
C.) oxygen
D.) ozone
30. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
30.) To some extent acid rain has always been present in certain humid environments, but during the last century the spread of _______ has greatly increased the destructive capabilities of natural acid rain.
A.) human settlements
B.) humanity in general
C.) the Industrial Revolution
D.) farming of marginal area
31. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
31.) the geography of acid rain occurrence is most closely associated with patterns of industrial concentration and
A.) urbanization
B.) large population concentrations
C.) modern transportation systems
D.) middle to long distance wind flows
32. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
32.) The highest densities of coal and oil burning, which causes acid rain are associated with large concentrations of heavy manufacturing, such as those in
A.) Western and Eastern Europe and the United States
B.) coastal South America and Asia
C.) Eastern Europe and East Asia
D.) the Southern Hemisphere
33. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
33.) Forests affect the atmosphere through their role in (the)
A.) global warming
B.) production of CO2
C.) desertification
D.) oxygen cycle
34. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
34.) In the early 1980s, the FAO of the United Nations undertook a study of the rate of depletion of tropical rain forests and determined that ______ percent had already been affected by cutting.
A.) 24
B.) 34
C.) 44
D.) 54
35. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
35.) The amount of forest cutting that has gone on wherever humans locate has been very extensive. In the United States, for example, forests consist mainly of _______ trees.
A.) second-growth
B.) stumps and brushy
C.) deciduous
D.) coniferous
36. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
36.) The United States is the most prolific producer of solid waste. Studies estimate that the U.S. produces about _______ pounds of solid waste per person per day.
A.) 1.5
B.) 4.5
C.) 5.5
D.) 7.3
37. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
37.) of the U.S. landfills for the disposal of low level radioactive waste, _____ percent are now open.
A.) 100
B.) 50
C.) 25
D.) the number of this type of landfill is increasing
38. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
38.) Human habitation of the Pacific Islands is estimated to have led to the extinction of ______ bird species.
A.) 0
B.) 18
C.) 137
D.) 2000
39. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
39.) _________ describes a field of study that considers the roles of political economics, power, and history in shaping human environmental interactions.
A.) Danger
B.) Politics
C.) Political-ecology
D.) Economics
40. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
40.) ________ liters of water are required to produce one kilogram of beef.
A.) 100
B.) 1,000
C.) 10,000
D.) 100,000
41. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
41.) Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to ___________ more than any other factor.
A.) population numbers
B.) technology
C.) rate of population growth
D.) proximity to resources
42. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
42.) Residents of middle-America face high mortality risks and natural disasters in what form?
A.) drought
B.) hydrological and/or geophysical
C.) geophysical
D.) drought and/or geophysical
43. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
43.) in 1990, ______ had similar patterns of fossil fuel sources emissions of CO2.
A.) Spain and Australia
B.) Nigeria and South Africa
C.) Mexico and South Africa
D.) Mexico and Chile
44. Fill in the Blank
30 seconds
1 pt
44.) Kuwait is developing ________ as a resource to offset the inevitable decline in oil production.
A.) fresh water
B.) forestry
C.) sand
D.) solar energy
45. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
45.) The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which of the following is NOT one of these?
A.) loss of biodiversity
B.) climatic change
C.) soil erosion
D.) depletion of the ozone layer
46. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
46.) The forests in South Africa are primarily
A.) tropical rainforests
B.) tropical deciduous forests
C.) tropical dry forests
D.) tropical highland forests
47. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
47.) International concern over the loss of global species led to calls for a global convention (agreement) as early as
A.) 1981
B.) 1971
C.) 1961
D.) 1991
48. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
48.) Chlorofluorocarbon gases are the main culprits in ozone depletion. These gases haves only been in use since the
A.) Industrial Revolution to 1790.
B.) 1940s.
C.) 1950s.
D.) 1990s.
49. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
49.) The Kyoto Protocol
A.) addresses US-Japan trade imbalances
B.) addresses Japan-European trade imbalances
C.) addresses Asian deforestation
D.) addresses global climate change
50. Open Ended
30 seconds
1 pt
50.) In 2004, which countries had per capita emissions of carbon dioxide of less than one metric ton?
A.) United States and Australia
B.) New Zealand and Sudan
C.) United Kingdom and Japan
D.) Somalia and Kenya