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- 1. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the overall purpose of this virtual lab?
- 2. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat are the four basic steps involved in this bacterial identification lab?
- 3. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is "16S rDNA," and how is it used to identify species of bacteria?
- 4. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptAs the pathology lab technician, what is your task in this virtual lab?
- 5. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptExtracting DNA involves which initial step?
- 6. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the wire ring used for?
- 7. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhy are the proteolytic enzymes necessary?
- 8. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhy do you then need to inactivate the proteolytic enzymes and how do you do it?
- 9. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptAfter removing the enzymes, why do you spin the sample in the centrifuge?
- 10. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the pellet?
- 11. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the supernatant?
- 12. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhere is the DNA?
- 13. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat does "PCR" stand for and what is the purpose of PCR?
- 14. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptSummarize the process of PCR in a diagram. Include all the steps, labeled and in the right order.
- 15. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat does the Master Mix contain?
- 16. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat are primers? Why is a primer added?
- 17. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptOnce the primers bind, what occurs next?
- 18. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat does "highly conserved" mean?
- 19. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhy are highly conserved regions important in this lab?
- 20. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat does "highly variable" mean?
- 21. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhy are highly variable regions important in this lab?
- 22. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is missing in the negative control tube?
- 23. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is present in the positive control tube that is not in the negative control tube?
- 24. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptList each step of a PCR cycle, the temperature, and the duration (time).
- 25. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptDescribe what happens during each of the steps in one or two sentences.
- 26. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptAfter eight cycles, how many copies of the desired DNA have been synthesized?
- 27. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptAfter 30 cycles?
- 28. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptApproximately how long is the 16s rDNA (bp)?
- 29. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhy would it be useful to run an electrophoresis gel at this point?
- 30. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptIf you were to run a gel, it would have three lanes. What would each lane contain, and what would you see in each lane after running the gel?
- 31. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptThe gel is not run in this virtual lab. In order to purify the PCR product, you use a microconcentrator column. What should the final collection tube contain?
- 32. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptRead the first two paragraphs and list the steps in cycle sequencing in the space provided.
- 33. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat do the green and blue tubes contain? Describe the "sequencing brew" to which you added your purified PCR.
- 34. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptThe purpose of the second PCR is not to create identical copies like the first PCR you ran. What is the purpose of this PCR?
- 35. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhere do scientists obtain primers to be used in PCR and in this technique?
- 36. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the final PCR product, the stuff contained in your 12 tubes?
- 37. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
- 38. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptHow do DNA molecules move in relation to charge? Why?
- 39. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the purpose of the laser beam in determining a DNA sequence?
- 40. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the ultimate goal of the sequence matching analysis?
- 41. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is "homology"?
- 42. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is BLAST and how is it used?
- 43. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat's a major assumption when drawing evolutionary relationships between organisms based on DNA sequences?
- 44. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptExplain what the "Score (bits)" means on an actual BLAST search result.
- 45. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat does an E-value of 3 or less represent?
- 46. Open-ended30 seconds1 ptWhat is the scientific name of the bacterium you sequenced?
- 47. Open-ended30 seconds1 pt45. Write a brief description of this bacterium in the space provided.
