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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which human activity has the potential to greatly affect the equilibrium of an ecosystem?
cutting down a few small evergreen trees and using them to make holiday decorations
mowing the playing fi elds in a city park
washing a car with a detergent-based cleaner
emptying an aquarium containing many nonnative fi sh of several species into a local lake
- 2. Multiple Choice
An increased demand for soybeans has led to an increase in converting native forests and grasslands to fi elds for growing soybeans. One negative consequence of this environmental change has been
an increase in natural resources for the future
an increase in the kinds of foods that can be produced
a decrease in suitable habitats for wildlife
a decrease in the need to set aside land for conservation
- 3. Multiple Choice
Building large manufacturing facilities can affect ecosystems by increasing the
atmospheric quality
biodiversity in the area
demand for resources such as fossil fuels
availability of space and resources for organisms
- 4. Multiple Choice
The use of solar panels has increased in the last ten years. A benefit of using solar energy would include
adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs
using a nonrenewable source of energy
releasing more gases for photosynthesis
- 5. Multiple Choice
The governments of many countries have regulations that are designed to prevent the accidental introduction of nonnative insects into their countries. This is because, in these new habitats, the nonnative insects might
become food for birds
not survive a cold winter
not have natural predators
add to the biodiversity
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which action could humans take to slow the rate of global warming?
Cut down trees for more effi cient land use.
Increase the consumption of petroleum products.
Use alternate sources of energy such as wind.
Reduce the use of fuel-effi cient automobiles.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which human activity can have a negative impact on the stability of a mature ecosystem?
replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down for lumber
building dams to control the flow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity
preserving natural wetlands, such as swamps, to reduce fl ooding after heavy rainfalls
passing laws that limit the dumping of pollutants in forests
- 8. Multiple Choice
Some birds have recently modified their migratory behavior. Instead of flying to warmer climates during the winter months, the birds are remaining in northern areas where they can consume discarded food that is abundant in landfills. As a result of this change in migratory behavior, many insect populations that the birds normally feed on in the warmer climate areas are now increasing. This is an example of human activity
interfering with ecological succession
increasing competition for infi nite resources
disrupting the homeostasis of organisms
altering the equilibrium of ecosystems
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which row in the chart below correctly matches the human activity with its effect?
Row 1
Row 2
Row 3
Row 4
- 10. Multiple Choice
An increase in human population puts a stress on resources that can be renewed, such as
trees and coal
water and gasoline
oil and natural gas
water and trees
- 11. Multiple Choice
Global warming is most closely associated with
increased use of solar panels
increased industrialization
reducing the rate of species extinction
removal of environmental wastes
- 12. Multiple Choice
Humans deplete the most resources when
using wind energy as a power source
generating power by using fossil fuels
using water power to generate electricity
recycling glass and plastics
- 13. Multiple Choice
When deciding on new environmental policies and laws, which term is used to describe the comparison between benefits and costs of human activities?
technology
trade-off
climate change
industrialization
- 14. Multiple Choice
Two new wind turbines have recently been built within the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The power that these turbines generate will be enough to power the entire first floor of the tower, including the restaurants, shops, and exhibits. A benefit of using wind power as an alternative source of energy is that it
is nonrenewable, so additional resources will be depleted by tower businesses
is renewable, so it will decrease the environmental impact of the tower businesses
increases the use of resources that cannot be renewed in the future
decreases the amount of fossil fuels available for future generations
- 15. Multiple Choice
More than 100 years ago, Earth’s atmosphere contained about 280 parts per million (ppm) of carbon dioxide. It is predicted that by the year 2050, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could reach 700 ppm, greatly increasing Earth’s temperature. It has been suggested that growing more green plants would help to slow this increase. The best explanation for why increased numbers of plants would help is that plants
serve as food for herbivores
serve as a nonrenewable energy resource
remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during respiration
remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which human activity most directly causes a signifi cant increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
growing corn for food
not using products containing plastics
driving cars long distances
planting large numbers of trees
- 17. Multiple Choice
Nuclear power plants, which produce electrical energy, use large quantities of water for cooling. Often, small fish, larvae, and fish eggs are sucked in along with the cooling water and destroyed. This example illustrates how
industrialization can have positive and negative effects
removal of these organisms has no effect on an ecosystem
direct harvesting increases the natural fi sh population
energy is generated without producing wastes
- 18. Multiple Choice
Although we rely on coal, oil, and natural gas to produce energy, some environmental scientists have proposed that we use less fossil fuel. One reason to support this proposal is to
enable us to preserve rain forests in tropical areas
help us to reduce the production of carbon dioxide gas
allow us to decrease the use of fertilizers on crops
encourage us to end research on wind and water power sources
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which row in the chart below represents the most likely changes in the atmosphere due to widespread deforestation?
Row 1
Row 2
Row 3
Row 4
- 20. Multiple Choice
Rabbits are not native to Australia. They were imported by European settlers. In 1936, the myxoma virus was introduced into Australia as a means of biological control to infect and reduce the rabbit population. This method of controlling the rabbit population was an attempt to
stop the overpopulation of a native species
stop the overproduction of an introduced species
limit the food sources of the rabbit
limit the number of rabbits brought into the country
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