The degree to which results can be applied to other settings or situations.

The degree to which results can be applied to a different members of the target population.

Which of the following is an example of internal validity?

What statistical test could a researcher use to assess if the results of their study are similar to the results from other similar existing studies?

Which of the following should be used to increase internal reliability?

Which of the following methods can be used to assess the internal validity of a test?

A psychologist can use experts in the field to help provide advice when designing research as a method of improving validity.

Intra-observer reliability refers to the consistency between a team of observers.

One method of improving inter observer reliability in an observational study is to use behavioural categories and event sampling.

Which statistical test can be used to assess the inter-observer reliability of a team of researchers?

A piece of research can be high in reliability but low in validity.

Some people say that Ainsworth’s studies lacked validity.

Explain this criticism of Ainsworth. (4)

A researcher wanted to investigate whether there was a relationship between locus of control and resistance to social influence. Before the investigation began, he devised a questionnaire to measure locus of control. To assess the questionnaire’s validity, the researcher gave it to 30 participants and recorded the results. He then gave the same 30 participants an established questionnaire measuring locus of control. The researcher found a weak positive correlation between the two sets of results, suggesting that his questionnaire had low validity.

Explain how the validity of the researcher’s questionnaire could be improved. (4)