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- 1. Multiple Choice
Biological fitness is defined as __________.
the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce
the average life span of an organism
the amount of energy an organism can use in the environment
the average life span of an organism
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?
Over many generations, wild teosinte has become corn.
When the Grand Canyon formed, it geographically divided a squirrel population into two populations, which developed into distinct species.
A frog begins its life as a tadpole, but becomes an amphibian.
Finches in the Galapagos islands have diversified over time into many species each well-suited for eating a particular type of food.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT ?
Without mutations, there would be no evolution
Mutations create diversity among life-forms
Mutations are the source of new phenotypes
Mutations happen when there is a need for a new trait in a population
- 4. Multiple Choice
The wings of a bird and the wings of a beetle are considered __________.
homologous structures
analogous structures
vestigial structures
phylogenetic structures
- 5. Multiple Choice
What is a vestigial structure?
A structure that has origins in a common ancestor, but has evolved to perform the same functions
A structure that has origins in a common ancestor, but has evolved to perform different functions
A structure that makes an organism better suited to a habitat
A structure that has lost its function but is still part of the organism
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is evidence of a common ancestor?
Vestigial structures
Fossil record
Similarities in the embryo
All of these
- 7. Multiple Choice
The structures of the front flipper of a whale and the forearm of a wolf have similar bone structure and derive from a common ancestor. This is an example of __________.
analogous structures
homologous structures
vestigial structures
None of these
- 8. Multiple Choice
How did Darwin's finches help support his theory of evolution?
The finches all lived on different islands
Only the largest birds had survived on the island, while the smaller ones went extinct
The birds were different colors, which allowed for camouflage in different habitats
The size and shape of their beaks varied due to the different environments they lived
- 9. Multiple Choice
Structures that were once functional in the past but no longer serve a purpose due to evolutionary adaptations and physiological changes are referred to as __________ structures.
homologous structures
analogous structures
vestigial structures
None of these
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is one of Charles Darwin’s theories about evolution and natural selection?
The environment in which a species lives is unrelated to natural selection
New species that appear in the fossil record are actually descendants of older species
Natural selection is caused by human intervention
Changes to an organism occur rapidly
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes what the word 'fittest' means in the phrase "Survival of the fittest".
The organism that survives in their environment to produce more offspring is the fittest.
The organism that collects the most resources is the fittest
The organism that becomes the strongest individual is the fittest
The organism that lives the longest is the fittest.
- 12. Multiple Choice
In science, the inheritance of a structure that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better able to survive and reproduce is called
mutation
advantage
adaptation
evolution
- 13. Multiple Choice
How do fossils support evolution?
The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.
Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.
The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at the same time.
Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.
- 14. Multiple Choice
A technique used in dating a rock can be used to accurately predict the age of the fossils occurring in the rocks. This technique is called
fossil dating.
successive rock layering.
relative dating.
radioactive dating.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statement about fossils is FALSE?
Fossils from the deeper layers are the ancestors of current forms
Fossils from the upper layers are the ancestors of modern forms.
Fossils from the uppermost rock are most like current forms.
Fossils are remains of ancient organisms
- 16. Multiple Choice
Producing more for a larger variety of that type of organism is known as
embryology
overproduction
competition
survival of the fittest
- 17. Multiple Choice
The absolute age of a fossil found in a layer of igneous rock can best be determined by...
comparing the sizes of the crystals found in the upper and lower parts of the rock
comparing the amounts of decayed and undecayed radioactive isotopes in the rock
examining the fossil's relative position within different layers of rock
examining the environment in which the rock is found
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