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24 questions
What is Anthropology?
the study of the full scope of human diversity.
the study of ants.
the study of human fossil remains.
the study of cultural histories.
Anthropology’s approach to the study of human diversity helps us avoid the intellectual pitfalls of
globalization.
ethnography.
ethnocentrism.
fieldwork.
What is NOT one of the primary four fields of anthropology?
linguistic anthropology
archaeology
physical anthropology
business anthropology
The forces of globalization have changed
the communities that anthropologists study.
the methods that anthropologist use to do research.
how anthropologists communicate with their research participants.
all of the above.
Human culture is
taught through formal instruction.
hardwired into our DNA.
learned informally.
both A and C.
The framework that anthropologists use to challenge ethnocentrism is
ethnography.
norms and values.
cultural relativism.
mental maps of reality.
In early evolutionary frameworks of cultural variation, anthropologists tended to describe Western cultures as
savage
barbarian
unilineal
civilized
The study of epigenetics tells us that
even our genes can be affected by the environment.
there is a clear-cut line between biology and culture.
men and women are different for hard-wired evolutionary reasons.
culture is determined by biology.
The roots of anthropological fieldwork lie in
Franz Boas’s dedication to “salvage anthropology.”
Margaret Mead’s role in bringing anthropological knowledge to bear on public debates.
the increased international movement of Europeans during the late nineteenth century.
the need to provide objective, scientific accounts of isolated cultures.
A successful ethnographer needs
expensive recording equipment.
excellent listening skills.
a way to maintain strict social distance from the community.
only a short amount of time to fully understand the local culture.
Having the people studied in an ethnography also write for the ethnography is an example of
ethnographic authority.
informed consent.
reflexivity
polyvocality
The variety of a language that gets called “standard” is typically spoken by
all members of a society.
the most socially powerful group.
women
people who have completed at least two years of college.
The field of sociolinguistics studies
the ways that language and cultural categories intersect.
who determines the best language in a society.
how language changes over time.
the best words to use in a given situation.
The idea that different languages create different ways of thinking is called
the Chomskyan Hierarchy.
the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis.
the Western Apache Worldview.
paralanguage
Which animal is known to have language?
chimpanzees
border collies
all great apes
only humans
The current concept of race has its roots in
biological facts.
the slave trade.
colonization
B and C.
The scientific foundations for race as a biological concept
don’t exist.
have been proven countless times.
are easy to demonstrate by simply looking at people.
can be determined by looking at genes.
The rule of hypodescent marked children of one black parent and one white parent as
black.
white.
mixed race.
whatever they wanted to identify as.
One group whose racial categorization has shifted over time in the United States is
African Americans.
Germans
Irish
Scottish
Racial ideologies are
individual beliefs and opinions that don’t affect others.
culturally shared sets of beliefs that underlie systems of inequality.
based on scientific knowledge.
a reflection of meritocracy.
A group of people who share a sense of historical, cultural, and sometimes ancestral connection and who see themselves as distinct from people in other groups is described as a(n)
society
ethnic group
cultural dominion
nation-state
Which of the following reasons can partially explain the conflict between the Rohingya and the Bamar in Myanmar?
The Bamar and the Rohingya have always fought and have been antagonists for over a millennium.
Colonial rule strengthened ethnic identities and forced different ethnicities to form a single nation-state.
Islam and Buddhism are fundamentally and violently opposed at an ideological level.
Ethnic identities in the region were once rigid but colonial rule created more flexibility, allowing for greater and ultimately confusing ethnic identities.
Sometimes the legal language about immigration is written in a manner that signifies “American-ness,” using veiled racial markers to clearly identify those who are “in” and those who are “out.” What do anthropologists call this kind of demarcation?
apartheid
cultural wall
ethnic boundary
segregation
When minorities abandon their separate identity and adopt the culture and norms of the dominant group, what are they practicing?
nationalization
ethnic cleansing
absorption
assimilation
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