farmers with small farms

an early Chinese belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled

the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty

a barrier across China's northern frontier

a device that uses the position of the sun to tell time

a device that measures the strength of an earthquake

the practice of inserting needles through the skin at specific points to cure disease or relieve pain

a soft, light, high valued fabric

the spread of ideas, goods, and technology from one culture to another

a network of trade routes between China and the Mediterranean Sea

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge

being separated from others

the process of being united

Belief that a ruler was chosen by the gods