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- 1. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Scientific Revolution the heliocentric view of the universe was first proposed by __.PtolemyFrancis BaconIsaac NewtonNicolaus Copernicus
- 2. Multiple Choice
How did scientists begin challenging authority during the Scientific Revolution?
By careful observation of nature and willingness to question old beliefs
By reading classic literature
By collecting samples of plant life
By forming new government ideas
- 3. Multiple ChoiceEnlightenment philosophy emphasized that this ability is unique to humans.the ability to Reasonthe ability to Thinkthe ability to follow natural lawsthe ability to feel emotions
- 4. Multiple ChoiceEnlightenment philosophy emphasized that governments should reflect:monarchiesthe churchnatural lawsscience
- 5. Multiple Choice
[p1] What was "the Enlightenment"?
An 18th-century movement of intellectuals whose favorite word was "reason."
A form of government in which the executive, legislative, & judicial branches limit & control each other through a system of checks & balances.
An 18th-century religious philosophy based on reason & natural law.
A view of human nature that emphasized individual happiness at the expense of the broader society.
- 6. Multiple Choice
[p1] The goal of the Enlightenment thinkers was to use the scientific method to...
keep society the same.
make progress toward a better society.
become richer and more powerful.
return to the social norms of the Bible.
- 7. Multiple Choice
[p4] The Catholic Church attacked Galileo because he defended they system that said the _______ revolved around the ______.
Earth... Sun
Sun... Earth
Stars... Moon
Moon... Earth
- 8. Multiple Choice
How did the Catholic Church react to the heliocentric view of Copernicus and Galileo?
They accepted the idea of the heliocentric theory as truth
The Church asked Galileo to spread his ideas to all believers
The church condemned the ideas as heretical (against their teaching)
t
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which theory originally stated that the sun was the center of the solar system?
Geocentric Theory
Heliocentric Theory
Eurocentric Theory
Heliocentric Theory (with planets orbiting in ellipses)
- 10. Multiple Choice
What types of changes did the printing press facilitate?
books more available to the public
made sharing information across large areas possible
Spread the ideas of the Enlightenment
ALL OF THE ABOVE
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of these statements is most likely to be made by a proponent of natural law and natural rights?
God grants monarchs the authority to rule and the duty to give people their rights.
People are irrational, so science is useless in figuring out human behavior.
History teaches that individual freedom is an impossible goal.
Government does not grant rights; it protects them.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Rousseau wrote, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” What kind of government did he favor in order to ensure greater freedom?
an absolute monarchy
an enlightened monarchy
an oligarchy
a popularly elected government
- 13. Multiple Choice
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness . . .”— The Declaration of Independence
Which Enlightenment thinker most directly influenced the notion expressed in this passage?
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Jacques Bossuet
Baron de Montesquieu
- 14. Multiple Choice
An agreement by which people give up their freedoms for an organized society.
laissez-faire
natural rights
social contract
natural law
- 15. Multiple Choice
Rights that belong to all humans at birth
laissez-faire
natural rights
social contract
natural law
- 16. Multiple Choice
Absolute monarchs who used their power to bring about political and social change...
Enlightened despots
philosophers
social contractors
limited monarchs
- 17. Multiple ChoiceA time period, mostly in the 1700's, where philosophers and thinkers thought science and reason could improve all humanity.EnlightenmentGreat AwakeningAmerican RevolutionFrench Revolution
- 18. Multiple ChoiceFrench writer who believed in freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and the separation of church and state.VoltaireLockeRousseauMontesquieu
- 19. Multiple ChoiceJohn Locke believed people were born with certain rights than no-one could take away.Life, liberty, propertyLife , liberty, and the pursuit of happinessFreedom of speech, religion, and propertySocial Contract
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWho believed that women's education should be the same as men's?RousseauWollstonecraftLockeHobbes
- 21. Multiple Choice
According to Montesquieu, what is the main purpose of government?
to maintain law and order, political liberty, and the property of the individual
to build a wall
to create laws that everyone agree on
to open Chic Fil A on Sundays
- 22. Multiple Choice
What is absolute monarchy?
an absolute monarch butterfly
I don't know. When is lunch?
one ruler has supreme authority and is not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customs
a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhat does it mean for a King to have Divine Right?Rules by the power and blessing of God.Rules by the suggestions of the people.Rules by listening to the Church to make decisions.The King is not really in power at all.
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhat is an absolute monarchy?A system where the King or Queen rules by listening to what the public has to say.A King or Queen rules, but laws or ideas must be accepted by the majority of the nation.A system where the King or Queen has complete authority over the government and people.The King or Queen has absolutely no power.
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWho is or was one example of an absolute monarchy?Abraham LincolnLouis XIV of FranceJustin Trudeau
- 26. Multiple Choice
The Enlightenment was a period of time where people focused on __________________.
Life, Liberty, Happiness
Reason, Liberty, Individual Rights
Math, Civics, Chemistry
Thought, questions, answers
- 27. Multiple ChoiceThe primary goal of most of Europe's absolute monarchs was tosupport political freedom for the new middle classesprevent contact with areas beyond Europe's borderscentralize their political control over their nationsmaintain peaceful relations with neighboring nations
- 28. Multiple Choice
A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.
Capitalism
Democracy
Social Contract
Business Agreement
- 29. Multiple Choice
French Enlightenment philosopher who strongly believed in freedom of speech and religion
Voltaire
Denis Diderot
Mary Wollstonecraft
John Locke
- 30. Multiple Choice
How did Hobbes view human nature?
We are inquisitive and industrious.
We are naturally selfish and quick to fight.
We are naturally ignorant
We are naturally kind and helpful to others
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