Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash.

Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water.

Stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours.

The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like starw. It helps to retain soil moisture.

Landforms

Time

Climate

Wind

Soil formation

Land conservation

Land use

soil erosion

The breaking up and decay of exposed rocks, by temperature, changes , frost, action, plants, animal and human activity.

Altitude and slope

the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.

the state or process of rotting; decay.