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20 questions
All of the following are part of the nucleosome, except...
H2A
H3
H2B
H1
Euchromatin is...
Condensed and inaccessible
Condensed and accessible
Decondensed and inaccessible
Decondensed and accessible
Which is the third order of chromatin structure?
This type of chromatin can interconvert from euchromatin to heterochromatin and vice versa
Facultative heterochromatin
Constant heterochromatin
Constant euchromatin
Chromatin fiber
What is absolutely necessary for transcription to occur (without it, transcription would never occur)?
Where do we find the TATA box?
Cis-acting sequence
Enhancer
Silencer
Promoter
All are correct
What protein binds to the enhancer resulting in an optimal level of transcription?
Silencer
Activator
Repressor
Importin
Repressors prevent the formation of what?
Promoter
Enhanceosome
Spliceosome
Ribosome
Gene methylation leads to the activation of a gene.
True
False
This enzyme adds acetyl groups to histone tails to make DNA accessible
HDACs
Kinase
HATs
RATs
Which three amino acids can be phosphorylated?
Serine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
What type of regulation is used when histones are hiding the promoter?
Acetylation
DNA methylation
Nucleosome remodeling
Phosphorylation
If gene 1 has deacetylated histone tails and gene 2 has methylated histone tails, which of the two would be transcribed more efficiently? (assuming that these are the only modifications they have)
Gene 1
Gene 2
Both
Neither gene would be efficiently transcribed
Epigenetics are heritable changes in gene expression caused by the DNA sequence itself.
True
False
Gene methylation occurs in...
Histone tails
CpG regions
Promoter
Cis-acting sequence
Alternative splicing allows for a greater diversity of proteins obtained from one mRNA.
True
False
Which of the following prolong the half-life of the mRNA?
Enhancer
5' cap
Poly-A tail
Nucleases
How does the RISC complex regulate translation if there's 100% match between the miRNA and the mRNA?
Hiding mRNA in P-bodies
Blocking DNA accessibility
Cleaving the mRNA
Allows translation to occur
Which complex regulates transcription as the new mRNA transcript is being made?
RISC
RITS
Transcription factor complex
Phosphorylation of which enhances translation globally?
eIF2
eIF4
eEF2
eEF1