A) A solemn oath

B) A traditional formula

C) A cautionary recommendation

D) A candid confession

E) A skeptical apology

A) indulge in superficial pleasures

B) play different roles for different people

C) dismiss the value of friendship

D) avoid difficult challenges

E) disengage from moral responsibility

A) "emotions and beliefs" (sentence 1)

B) "all that is great and lofty" (sentence 4)

C) "noble effort" (sentence 4)

D) "intellectual aloofness" (sentence 5)

E) "the stern strife of living" (sentence 6)

A) tendency to avoid conflict

B) choice regarding his attitude toward involvement

C) fundamental altruism that influences his actions

D) desire to become better than he is

E) valid reason to hold himself apart from others

A) a description of people followed by a narrative of their actions

B) an introduction of a phenomenon followed by an enumeration of its causes

C) the presentation of an argument followed by a rebuttal

D) the consideration of pro and con within a single course of action

E) the juxtaposition of two contrasting personality types

A) Negative words such as “not” and “nor”

highlight contradictions within opposing

viewpoints.

B) Clauses beginning with “who” are used

repeatedly to emphasize engaging images

of the men under discussion.

C) Punctuation marks are varied to highlight

the contradictory qualities of the “man

who is actually in the arena.”

D) Words highlighting struggle such as

“sweat” and “strive” are used to

acknowledge that critics of the active life

make some valid points.

E) Exaggerated terms such as “the best” and

“the worst” are used ironically to

undercut the observations of critics.