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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the electron-sea model of metals?
Metals consist of closely packed positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons forming a giant structure.
Metals consist of loosely packed positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons forming a giant structure.
Metals consist of loosely packed negative ions surrounded by a sea of cations forming a giant structure.
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following, at room temperature and pressure, is an example of a metallic solid?
Iron
Carbon
Phosphorus
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which of the following elements is defined as a metal according to the given electron-sea model?
Aluminium
Magnesium
Potassium
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is valid when comparing the electrical conductivity of copper to that of lithium?
Lithium has higher electrical conductivity its electrons are more free to move.
Copper has higher electrical conductivity because its electrons are more free to move.
Lithium has higher electrical conductivity its neutrons are more free to move.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which of the following trends do iron and chromium share?
Loosely packed, positive ions that form a lattice structure
Closely packed, positive ions that form a lattice structure
Closely packed, negative ions that form a lattice structure
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which of the following diagrams best represents metallic bonding?
- 7. Multiple Choice
Shown in the bar chart are the electrical conductivities of aluminum, magnesium, and sodium.
Using the symbols of the elements, identify the metals X , Y and Z
X = Al , Y = Mg , Z = Na
Y = Al , Z = Mg , X = Na
Z = Al , X = Mg , Y = Na
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the best definition for the term “nondirectional”?
Each valence electron of an atom is shared equally with one neighboring atom.
Each valence electron of an atom is shared equally with all neighboring atoms.
Bonds involve uniform electrostatic attraction between spherical nuclei.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which of the following has the smallest effect on the strength of a metallic bond?
The number of electrons in the metal atoms
The number of neutrons in the metal atoms
The arrangement of the metal atoms
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which of the following atoms would form a solid metal with the lowest thermal conductivity?
- 11. Multiple Choice
Shown in the diagram are the electronic structures of lithium and calcium atoms.
The melting temperature of lithium is 181oC ,while that of calcium is 842oC .Based on the electronic structures of the atoms and the strength of their metallic bonds, explain this difference in melting temperature.
Metallic bonds are stronger in lithium as the valence electrons are closer to the nucleus, so more thermal energy is needed to break up the metal lattice.
Metallic bonds are stronger in lithium as there are fewer valence electrons, so more thermal energy is needed to break up the metal lattice.
Metallic bonds are weaker in lithium as there are fewer valence electrons, so less thermal energy is needed to break up the metal lattice.
- 12. Multiple Choice
According to their boiling points, which of the following is the correct ascending order?
NH3 , HF , H2O , H2S
H2S, NH3, HF , H2O
HF , NH3 , H2S ,H2O
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is correct regarding hydrogen fluoride?
Each molecule can form a maximum of 1 hydrogen bond
Each molecule can form a maximum of 2 hydrogen bonds.
Each molecule can form a maximum of 3 hydrogen bonds.
- 14. Multiple Choice
The graph below shows the boiling points of hydrides of groups 14, 15, 16, and 17.
Why are the boiling points of NH3 , H2O and HF so much higher than the other hydrides in their respective groups?
The smaller size of the atoms means these molecules contain stronger covalent bonds.
These molecules have higher vapor pressures compared with the other hydrides.
These molecules are able to hydrogen bond, giving them stronger intermolecular attractions compared with the other hydrides.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which of the following organic molecules would you predict to have the highest boiling point?
A
B
C
D
E
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