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20 questions
The amount of usable energy left once the energy is made available.
commercial energy
net energy
renewable energy
nonrenewable energy
A black, gooey liquid containing a mixture of combustible hydrocarbons
natural gas
proven oil reserve
crude oil
coal
The process by which oil is heated to separate it into various fuels and other components with different boiling points
hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
refining
peak production
horizontal drilling
Energy sold in the marketplace
net energy
subsidies
natural gas
commercial energy
A mixture of gases, of which 50–90% is methane
natural gas
petrochemicals
commercial energy
crude oil
Method that uses pumps to blast huge volumes of a mixture of water, sand, and various chemicals into a well to fracture rock and release natural gas or oil
refining
proven oil reserves
hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
peak production
Product made from the refining of crude oil
net energy
coal
petrochemical
commercial energy
A solid fossil fuel formed from the remains of land plants that are buried and exposed to intense heat and pressure for 300–400 million years
crude oil
coal
commercial energy
petrochemical
Which equation best represents net energy?
net energy = energy output + energy input
net energy = initial low-quality energy – final high-quality energy
net energy = energy input – energy output
net energy = energy output – energy input
net energy = high-quality energy + low-quality energy
What would NOT make an energy resource with a low net energy more competitive in the marketplace
subsidies
tax breaks
full-cost pricing
technology improvements
affordable pricing
The world’s top consumer of crude oil is_____
Venezuela
United States
China
Saudi Arabia
Japan
At a refinery, crude oil is _____.
pumped up from underground deposits
burned to help produce electricity
boiled to separate out various components
distributed for use as gasoline
purified to remove pollutants
Proven oil reserves are deposits that _____.
are known to contain crude oil
are able to be accessed with low net energy
can be extracted using current technologies at a profit
are fixed in number
can only be accessed through fracking
Which energy resource is renewable?
crude oil
atomic nuclei
biomass
natural gas
coal
Which of the following has the possibility to reduce U.S. dependence on energy imports?
higher market prices for oil
more efficient distribution systems
the discovery of new oil sands
continued extraction of crude oil
horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas
Fracking technology has resulted in _____
better methods for refining crude oil
increased production of oil and gas
reduced air pollution from coal
less harm to the environment
reduced use of fossil fuels
Which pollutant associated with coal use is known to contribute to acid rain?
coal ash
soot
carbon dioxide
methane
sulfur dioxide
What is the world’s MOST abundant nonrenewable fossil fuel?
oil
natural gas
biomass
petroleum
coal
Fracking is thought to be responsible for ____________________ leaks that have contaminated groundwater supplies.
oil
coal
natural gas
petroleum
Crude oil, coal, and natural gas are classified as ____________________ fuels because they have formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient organisms.
renewable
alternative
fossil
net energy
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