22 questions
The diagram shows a cross-section of rock strata. Which of these likely created the patterns seen in the oldest layers of this figure?
erosion
fault activity
asteroid impact
folding
Examine the rock strata data shown. Which layer shows evidence of a rapidly changing environment?
Layer M
Layer N
Layer O
Layer P
The diagram shows several layers of rock. Which rock layer is older than layer H? Choose the correct answer.
Layer F
Layer G
Layer J
Layer K
Scientists often use cross-sections of rock to determine the sequence of events in Earth’s history. The cross-section shown represents 30 million years. Drag the layer of rock into the box that matches with its age in the timeline. Which is 16 million years old?
W
X
Y
Z
Scientists often use cross-sections of rock to determine the sequence of events in Earth’s history. The cross-section shown represents 30 million years. Drag the layer of rock into the box that matches with its age in the timeline. Which is 1 million years old
W
X
Y
Z
Scientists often use cross-sections of rock to determine the sequence of events in Earth’s history. The cross-section shown represents 30 million years. Drag the layer of rock into the box that matches with its age in the timeline. Which is 10 million years old?
W
X
Y
Z
Scientists often use cross-sections of rock to determine the sequence of events in Earth’s history. The cross-section shown represents 30 million years. Drag the layer of rock into the box that matches with its age in the timeline.
W
X
Y
Z
The principle of relative dating states that layers of Earth were deposited in order with the oldest layers below the younger layers. Choose the answer in the correct order.
Cretaceous period (65 million years ago),Tertiary period (1.5 million years ago),Cambrian period (500 million years ago),Mississippian period (320 million years ago),Jurassic period (140 million years ago)
Cambrian period (500 million years ago),Mississippian period (320 million years ago),Jurassic period (140 million years ago),Cretaceous period (65 million years ago),Tertiary period (1.5 million years ago)
Tertiary period (1.5 million years ago),Jurassic period (140 million years ago),Cambrian period (500 million years ago),Cretaceous period (65 million years ago),Mississippian period (320 million years ago)
Mississippian period (320 million years ago),Cambrian period (500 million years ago),Jurassic period (140 million years ago),Cretaceous period (65 million years ago),Tertiary period (1.5 million years ago)
A geologist is studying a small island. He wants to know the order of historic geologic events. Which question will lead the scientist to the evidence for this study?
Are different types of rocks found on nearby islands?
Which types of plants and animals are most common on the island?
How are the layers of rock on the island different from each other?
What is the temperature of the water around the island in different seasons?
The diagram shows a geologic cross-section of rock strata. A fault recently appeared in the rock strata. Where is there evidence of a fault in older layers of the rock?
A and B
C and G
A and E
D and F
Trilobites were a diverse class of organisms that left behind many fossils that scientists can now study. The table shows the number of trilobite families found in layers of rock from different periods in Earth’s history. Which explanation best explains the data collected from trilobite fossils?
Life on Earth first appeared 500 million years ago.
A volcanic eruption happened 450 million years ago.
A mountain chain formed between 350 and 200 million years ago.
There was a mass extinction event between 450 and 400 million years ago.
An excavation revealed layers of sedimentary rock with fossils in each layer.
Click on the layer where the oldest fossils are located.
4
3
2
1
Scientists found large fossil deposits in Canada in the early 1900s. In the 1980s scientists found a rock formation with similar fossils in China. The fossils from the two areas are probably very different ages because they came from different continents.
Supported by Evidence
Not Supported by Evidence
Scientists found large fossil deposits in Canada in the early 1900s. In the 1980s scientists found a rock formation with similar fossils in China. The fossils found in the 1980s are probably much younger because they were found more recently.
Supported by Evidence
Not Supported by Evidence
Scientists found large fossil deposits in Canada in the early 1900s. In the 1980s scientists found a rock formation with similar fossils in China. The group of fossils with more extinct organisms is probably older than the deposit with fewer extinct organisms.
Supported by Evidence
Not Supported by Evidence
Scientists found large fossil deposits in Canada in the early 1900s. In the 1980s scientists found a rock formation with similar fossils in China. The fossil organisms from deeper rock layers probably lived long before the fossil organisms from shallow layers.
Supported by Evidence
Not Supported by Evidence
Which conclusion could be made about the layers of rock in the sample based on the information in the passage?
The absolute age of the rock is 100 million years.
A volcanic eruption disrupted the rock layers sometime in history.
The environment has remained an ocean throughout the time being studied.
The layers at the base of the sample are older than the layers at the top of the sample.
A core sample near a fault line was drilled in order to learn more about the geologic history of the area. When the sample was retrieved, the layers were not in the order that the scientists expected. The sample included distinct fossils in different parts of the core.
Select the correct buttons in the table to show whether the evidence will help the scientists determine the geological history of the area.
Rock layers can be moved by fault activity.
Yes
No
A core sample near a fault line was drilled in order to learn more about the geologic history of the area. When the sample was retrieved, the layers were not in the order that the scientists expected. The sample included distinct fossils in different parts of the core.
Select the correct buttons in the table to show whether the evidence will help the scientists determine the geological history of the area.
Rock age can be determined by the fossils found in the rock.
Yes
No
A core sample near a fault line was drilled in order to learn more about the geologic history of the area. When the sample was retrieved, the layers were not in the order that the scientists expected. The sample included distinct fossils in different parts of the core.
Select the correct buttons in the table to show whether the evidence will help the scientists determine the geological history of the area.
The same fossils are found throughout the geologic history of Earth.
Yes
No
A core sample near a fault line was drilled in order to learn more about the geologic history of the area. When the sample was retrieved, the layers were not in the order that the scientists expected. The sample included distinct fossils in different parts of the core.
Select the correct buttons in the table to show whether the evidence will help the scientists determine the geological history of the area.
Specific fossils are found in areas that had unique ecosystems, plants, and animals.
Yes
No
A core sample near a fault line was drilled in order to learn more about the geologic history of the area. When the sample was retrieved, the layers were not in the order that the scientists expected. The sample included distinct fossils in different parts of the core.
Select the correct buttons in the table to show whether the evidence will help the scientists determine the geological history of the area.
Rock layers are always ordered from youngest to oldest, even when near a fault line.
Yes
No