Processes for Overproduction in Industrial Microbiology

1.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

These regions in DNA control the synthesis of polypeptides and enzymes.

exons

operons

introns

structural genes

2.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

In the Jacob Monod Model, these compounds remove the repressor protein attached to the operator gene, allowing the RNA polymerase to synthesize protein.

supressor

regulator

inducer

activator protein

3.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

In the absence of an inducer, the repressor of the lac operon is active. What does an active repressor mean?

repressor is attached to the operator gene and does not allow trancription of the promoter region

repressor is attached to the inducer

repressor protein produces enzymes

repressor forms a complex with the inducing subtrate

4.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

This control mechanism decreases the expression of the operon, due to the elevated levels of an active catabolite (i.e. cyclic adenosine monophosphate)

positive control

substrate induction

feeedback inhibition

catabolite repression

5.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

What type of modification in the branched pathway, allows different end-products to produce similar enzymes?

cumulative feedback regulation

concerted or multivalent feedback regulation

isoenzymes with specific regulatory effectors

sequential feedback inhibition

6.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Amino acid production is regulated in stringent strains through the production of these phophates

adenosine monophosphate

cyclic adenosine monophosphate

guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate

adenosine triphosphate

7.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

This control mechanism enables microorganism to retain molecules inside their cell and prevent entry of unwanted molecules.

proton motive force

metabolic control

entry-exit mechanism

permeability control

8.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

The transportation of solutes across the cellular membrane which requires the use of adenosine triphosphate or through proton motive force

passive transport

active transport

diffusion

facilitated difussion

9.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

This example of passive transport occurs in water molecules

facilitated diffusion

difussion

simple diffusion

osmosis

10.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

In this method for overproduction of end-products, modified enzymes are produced by microbial mutants resistant to compounds similar to the desired material

substrate induction

reverse mutation

use of toxic or feedback resistant analogues

use of penicillin

11.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

According to catabolite repression, in the presence of 2 different carbohydrate substrate such as lactose and glucose, glucose will first be catabolize by the cell. What is the reason for this?

There is a decrease in levels of a catabolite(cAMP) promoting glucose utilization.

There is an increase in the level of catabolite (cAMP) which promotes glucose utilization.

lactose utilization is supressed when glucose is available

glucose is a monosaccharide and is thus simpler, therefore it is utilized first than polysaccharides

12.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

These methods would allow increase in the permeability of the cellular membrane, allowing compounds to easily diffuse, except?

deficiency in biotin

modifications of temperature

use of surfacace acting agents

use of penicillin

13.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

The amount of phosphates in the culture media sigificantly affects production of antibiotics, thus to increase yield of antibiotics the phosphates in the media should be?

low

high

sufficient

none of the choices

14.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

To increase secondary metabolite production, temperature must be adjusted to ______.

0° Celsius

25° Celsius

37° Celsius

5-10° Celsius

15.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

The control mechanism for retrieval of glutamate from fermenting microbial cell is through _________.

feedback inhibition

metabolic control

permeability control

negative control

16.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Mutant organisms which require a specific compound for them to grow are known as _______.

heterotrophs

auxotrophs

phototrophs

chemotrophs

17.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

It is the measure to which ATP-ADP-AMP systems of the cell contains high energy phosphate bonds

control charge

phosphate charge

adenylate charge

cellular charge

18.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

This feedback regulation in the branched pathway shows that individual end products have little or no negative inhibitory effect on the primary enzyme, but when these end-products function at the same time they act as potent inhibitors

sequential

cumulative or cooperative

compensatory antagonism

concerted or multivalent

19.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Mutation in an auxotrophic organism can be changes to its original wild type strain characteristics through?

reverse mutation

induction of mutation

repression

forward mutation

20.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Organisms which can efficiently utilize nutrient and energy sources are referred to as ________.

overproducing

relaxed

stringent

auxotrophic

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