uncut or regenerated forest that has not been seriously disturbed by human activities or natural disasters for two hundred years or more

temporary or permanent removal of large expanses of forest for agriculture, settlements, or other uses

managed grassland or enclosed meadow often planted with domesticated grasses or other vegetation to be grazed by livestock

too many animals grazing an area for too long, leading to reduced grass cover, which in turn leads to erosion that compacts soil and reduces its capacity to hold water

deliberate alteration of a damaged habitat or ecosystem to a state close to its original one

outer zone surrounding a strictly protected inner core of a reserve where local people can extract resources sustainably

area that contains a strictly protected core ecosystem surrounded by a buffer zone where local people can extract resources sustainably

area that has not been disturbed by humans and that is protected by law from all harmful human activities

carefully planned and controlled fire that removes flammable small trees and underbrush in the highest risk forest areas

area of ocean needed to sustain the consumption of an average person, a nation, or the world, based on the weight of fish he, she, or they consume annually

area rich in highly endangered endemic species

managed forest containing only one or two species of trees that are all the same age

method of protecting terrestrial biodiversity by finding ways for humans to share with other species some of the spaces they dominate

concentration of an aquatic species suitable for commercial harvesting in an ocean area or inland body of water