Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness. Studies have linked a common form of glaucoma to three genes and more than 20 genetic loci. Which best describes glaucoma?

If a person has type B blood, which statement describes the antibodies present in his or her blood?

Which was most likely an effect on society that resulted from improvements in blood handling during World War I and World War II?

In peas, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). Which describes an organism that has nonidentical alleles for seed color?

A purebred plant that has yellow flowers is crossed with a purebred plant that has white flowers. All the offspring have yellow flowers. Which conclusion about yellow flowers is supported by these results?

Round seeds and yellow seed color are dominant to wrinkled seeds and green seed color. What is the probability of having offspring that have wrinkled seeds and yellow seed color for the cross RRYY x RrYy?

In peas, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). A homozygous green pea plant is crossed with a heterozygous yellow pea plant. What is the predicted phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Which Punnett square represents a cross between two parents that are heterozygous for purple flowers?

Gregor Mendel used pea plants that were heterozygous for each of two traits—seed color and seed shape—to generate a dihybrid cross. The phenotypic ratio of the resulting offspring was nine with round and yellow seeds, three with round and green seeds, three with wrinkled and yellow seeds, and one with wrinkled and green seeds. From these results, what could Mendel conclude?

In a dihybrid cross for round and yellow seeds (RrYy x RrYy), what is the probability of having green and wrinkled seeds?

Which type of scientific statement is defined as a hypothesis or group of hypotheses that can be accepted as true based on repeated experimentation with similar results?

Which of Mendel’s generations was allowed to self-pollinate?

A scientist is studying fruit fly wings. Straight wings are dominant, and curly wings are recessive. Which statement correctly describes the F₁ generation if a straight-winged parent is crossed with a curly-winged parent and if both parents are true breeding?

A pea plant exhibits a recessive trait. Which statement is most likely true about the plant?

In the F₂ generation of Mendel’s crosses,

Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.

Which individuals in the pedigree are identified and labeled carriers for red-green color blindness?

Suzanne has type A– blood. Which blood type could she receive in a blood transfusion?

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A pansy that is homozygous for purple flowers (PP) is crossed with a pansy that is homozygous for pink flowers (pp).

Which genotypes will be included for the offspring in the Punnett square for this cross?

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A parakeet that is heterozygous for blue feathers (dominant) is crossed with a parakeet that is homozygous for white feathers (recessive).

According to the Punnett square for this cross, what percentage of offspring is predicted to have blue feathers?

Pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. Which conclusion about the meaning of Y is correct if the allele combination Yy is for yellow seeds?

Unattached earlobes is a dominant trait, E. A parent who is homozygous for unattached earlobes is crossed with a parent who is homozygous for attached earlobes. Which describes the genotypes of their offspring?

In the F₁ generation of a Mendelian cross,

If a scientist wanted to follow Mendel’s experiment with a different kind of plant, which type of plant would she examine?