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- 1. Multiple Choice
Islands are often formed at the boundaries of tectonic plates. These plates are large portions of lithosphere that move slowly over the more fluid, underlying material in the region below the crust.
What is the term for the region indicated by an X in the diagram?
asthenosphere
hydrosphere
inner core
outer core
- 2. Multiple Choice
A student records observations about two different layers of the Earth as shown in the table.
What do Layers 1 and 2 represent?
Layer 1: asthenosphere; Layer 2: continental crust
Layer 1: continental crust; Layer 2: lithosphere
Layer 1: asthenosphere; Layer 2: lithosphere
Layer 1: lithosphere; Layer 2: asthenosphere
- 3. Multiple Choice
How are the lithosphere and the asthenosphere similar?
They are both part of the crust.
They are both part of the mantle.
They both have the same thicknesses.
They both have the same physical properties.
- 4. Multiple Choice
Assume that the diagram below shows a cross section of part of the lithosphere.
Which diagram correctly shows what will happen to the lithosphere when pushed by tectonic forces?
- 5. Multiple Choice
Use the information to answer the question.
Which statements are true?
- 6. Multiple Choice
How do rock samples collected from the sea floor provide evidence of tectonic plate movement?
Older rocks are found near the deep-ocean trenches.
Older rocks are near the center of mid-ocean ridges.
Younger rocks are near the deep-ocean trenches.
Younger rocks are mixed with older rocks at mid-ocean ridges.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which statement describes the differences between continental and oceanic crust?
Continental crust is thin with low density, while oceanic crust is thick with high density.
Continental crust is thick with low density, while oceanic crust is thin with high density.
Continental crust is thick with high density, while oceanic crust is thin with low density.
Continental crust is thin with high density, while oceanic crust is thick with low density.
- 8. Multiple Choice
In 1912, Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift, stating that all the continents were once joined together and slowly moved apart. However, his theory was not widely accepted in his time. In 1962, the discovery of sea floor spreading (sea floor being forced apart by the formation of new crust) eventually led to a more modern and widely accepted theory of plate tectonics.
Why did the theory of plate tectonics improve upon Wegener’s theory of continental drift?
The theory of plate tectonics was a less complete theory because it provided a reason and mechanism for why the plates and continents moved.
The theory of plate tectonics was a more complete theory because it failed to provide reasons and mechanisms for why the plates and continents moved.
The theory of plate tectonics was a less complete theory because it failed to provide complete reasons and mechanisms for why the plates and continents moved.
The theory of plate tectonics was a more complete theory because it provided a reason and mechanism for why the plates and continents moved.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Ancient fossils have been placed on the map indicating where they were found.
The strongest evidence exists for which two continents to have been connected when Pangaea was present?
South America and Africa
North America and Africa
Africa and Australia
South America and Australia
- 10. Multiple Choice
Greenland is very close to the North Pole and is covered with continental glaciers. What conclusion can be made about evidence of glaciers found in the northeastern United States?
It was much colder in the northeastern United States in the past.
It was much warmer near the North Pole in the past.
The glaciers near the North Pole formed later than the ones farther south.
The northeastern United States was once located closer to the Equator.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Use the information to answer the question.
Which explanation best accounts for the fossil evidence?
The continents were once connected by a large land bridge.
The reptile species evolved on the two different continents at the same time.
The continents were once joined together within a larger landmass.
The reptile species floated across the Atlantic Ocean on logs.
- 12. Multiple Choice
The image shows fossils in different layers of rocks.
Which layer most likely contains fossils of organisms that resemble the presently living dragonfly?
layer B
layer C
layer D
layer F
- 13. Multiple Choice
A student makes a model to show two continental plates at a convergent boundary by first breaking a clay block into two pieces. He then pushes the two pieces against one another with constant force, as shown in stages 1 and 2.
The student concludes that mountains are formed when two continental plates collide at a convergent boundary. Which statement best supports the student’s conclusion?
Both halves of the block are equal in dimensions.
The texture of the block resembles continental crust.
The fault line in stage 1 is vertical, and this is descriptive of all continental boundaries.
Both stages 1 and 2 have the same densities, and one plate cannot sink under the other.
- 14. Multiple Choice
A student prepared a list of changes that can occur to landforms through volcanic eruptions.
Which changes in the student’s list are correct?
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 3
3 and 4
- 15. Multiple Choice
Earthquakes occur along the San Andreas Fault in California. Which statement best describes plate motion in the area during the time between earthquakes?
Plate motion stops, and plate tension decreases.
Plate motion continues, and plate tension increases.
Plate motion continues, and plate tension increases. Plate motion stops, and only the mantle moves.
Plate motion reverses, and plates return to their original positions.
- 16. Multiple Choice
What type of landform is most likely formed by a divergent tectonic plate boundary?
island arc
oceanic trench
rift zone
folded mountains
- 17. Multiple Choice
The map below shows the present day locations of South America and Africa. Remains of Mesosaurus, an extinct fresh water reptile have been found in similarly aged rock layers formed from lake sediments.
Which statement represents the most logical conclusion from this evidence?
Mesosaurus migrated across frozen oceans from Africa to South America during an ice age.
The continents of South America and Africa were once joined when the Mesosaurus lived.
The continents of South America and Africa once had underground waterways where the Mesosaurus travelled from continent to continent.
The continents of South America and Africa had very different climates from each other which caused the Mesosaurus to migrate from season to season.
- 18. Multiple Choice
A student writes down some possible properties of different layers of Earth.
Which layer(s) is (are) matched with the correct properties?
asthenosphere only
continental crust only
asthenosphere and lithosphere
continental crust and oceanic crust
- 19. Multiple Choice
The diagram below shows the continents present day continents once joined together as one super continent.
What is the name of this one large landmass?
Eurasia
Gondwanaland
Laurasia
Pangaea
- 20. Multiple Choice
The Mesosaurus was a fresh water reptile that existed on Earth about 250 million years ago. Fossils of the reptile can be found today in some rock layers in both Africa and South America as shown on the map below in locations X and Y.
Which reason bestexplains why fossils of this animal are found on both continents today?
The ocean between the two continents was once frozen, and the Mesosaurus traveled across the ice.
The continents were once joined together as a single land mass.
The Mesosaurus swam across the ocean due to its migration.
During a sea level rise and floods fossil remains of the Mesosaurus were carried across the oceans between the two continents.
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