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20 questions
Why were city officials changing the water source in Flint in the spring of 2014?
To save money
To punish citizens regarding election results
To find cleaner water
To save their older pipe infrastructure
How did city officials change the water supply for the city of Flint in the spring of 2014?
Switched FROM Detroit Water supply (Lake Huron) to the Flint River
Switched FROM the Flint River to the Detroit Water supply (Lake Huron)
Switched FROM the Detroit River to the Flint River
Switched FROM the Flint River to the Detroit River
When (year/month) did people first realize there was a problem with the water in Flint?
Summer 2014
Spring 2014
Summer 2016
Fall 2015
What was the very first problem (other than discolored/foul-smelling water) that was detected by the city officials the summer after the switch?
pH was too low
Car parts were corroding at the GM plant
E. coli bacteria was in the water & people were getting sick
Lead was in the water & children were getting sick
What did the city instruct residents to do regarding the E. Coli outbreak in the summer of 2014?
Freeze their water
Boil their water
Use bottled water only
Use filters on their water
Why was the course of action taken by the city for the E. Coli problem an even bigger threat to the public?
Boiling water with lead amplifies the negative effects it has on a human body
Boiling water causes it to evaporate, leaving less for citizens to use & creating a water shortage
Boiling water with lead eliminates the lead
Boiling water amplifies the amount of bacteria in the water
What major company stopped using water in Flint because it was destroying their products?
General Motors (GM)
Ford
Toyota
Mercedes Benz
What was the name of the doctor that noticed harmful side effects in children, and what were those side effects?
Mona Hanna-Attisha
Dr. Phil
Dr. Oz
Meredith Grey
What is a safe level of lead in drinking water, according to the EPA?
5ppm
150ppm
15ppm
100ppm
What level of lead was in Flint’s water at Walters’ home?
100ppm
1000ppm
13,000ppm
250ppm
Lead is a neurotoxin - what does this mean?
It is poisonous to nerves & disrupts the function of the brain
It causes respiratory infections
It is only toxic to older adults
It causes blood to evaporate & creates problems in the digestive tract
Which of the following are side effects of lead consumption? Select all that apply
Irritability & behavior problems
Fatigue, rash, and headaches
Hair Loss
Memory Problems
Cognitive delays
What unique crust should be in old pipes to protect people from the lead/iron?
Passivation Layer
Precipitation Layer
Polymerase Layer
Orthophosphate pH Layer
What target did scientists NOT have when taking measurements for the city water supply?
pH Target - the pH was too low
Temperature Target - the water was too warm
Clarity Target - the water was too foggy
Flow Rate Target - the water moved too slowly
What can scientists add to the water that flows through old lead pipes to make it safe, and how does it work?
Orthophosphate - it creates a barrier (passivation layer) that stops heavy metals like lead from leaching into the water
Sodium Chloride (salt) - it kills bacteria and destroys metals like lead in the water
Dawn Dish Soap - destroys oil in the water & cleans the water
Filters on the street water lines- they stop heavy metals from reaching the homes
When did Flint switch back to the original water supply?
Summer 2014
Fall 2014
Spring 2016
Fall 2015
After switching back to the original water source, what problem still existed with the pipes due to a lack of proper water chemistry for more than a year?
The passivation layer was already gone, so lead was still leaching into the water
The water wasn't being treated even though they switched back to their original supplier
The new pipes had been installed in homes but people weren't using them
No one used the water at all so it just continued to sit in the old pipes, allowing bacteria to grow.
According to city, state, & federal guidelines, is the water in Flint Michigan “safe to drink” as of 2023?
Yes
No
There is no way to tell
Yes, but only if it is boiled first
Do all of the residents of Flint use and trust the water today in 2023?
Yes
No
Have all of the lead pipes been replaced in Flint as of 2023?
Yes
No
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